Flora of North America species comparison

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Zephyranthes citrina

Zephyranthes refugiensis

citron rain-lily, citron zephyrlily

refugio zephyrlily
Leaf

blade dull green, to 4 mm wide.

blade dull green, to 4 mm wide.
Flowers

erect;

perianth lemon yellow, funnelform, 3.1–5 cm;

perianth tube green, 0.7–1 cm, increasing in diam., less than 1/3 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–3/4) filament length, less than 1/2 spathe length;

tepals rarely reflexed;

stamens diverging, in 2 distinctly subequal sets;

filaments filiform, subequal, 1.2–2 cm;

anthers 5–7 mm;

style longer than perianth tube;

stigma capitate, usually among or below anthers, not exserted more than 1 mm beyond anthers;

pedicel 2.3–4.4 cm, usually longer than spathe.

erect;

perianth dark lemon yellow, funnelform, 2.5–5 cm;

perianth tube green, (1–) 1.2–2(–2.4) cm, increasing in diam., less than 1/2 perianth length, ca. 2 times filament length, ca. 1/2–3/4 spathe length;

tepals sometimes reflexed;

stamens diverging to semifasciculate, appearing equal;

filaments filiform, (0.5–)0.6–0.8(–1.1) cm;

anthers ca. 7 mm;

style longer than perianth tube;

stigma capitate, usually among anthers;

pedicel (0.1–)0.2–1.6(–1.8) cm, shorter than spathe.
Spathe

1.6–2.6 cm.

1.9–3.2 cm.
2n

= 48.

= 46, 48.

Zephyranthes citrina

Zephyranthes refugiensis
Phenology Flowering summer (Jul–Sep). Flowering late summer–early fall (Aug–Oct).
Habitat Moist, sandy loam Primarily low, sandy loam, open fields, swales, ditches
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 10–30 m (0–100 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; MS; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In the original description of Zephyranthes citrina, Baker stated that Messrs. Veitch (Chelsea, England) brought it to him in flower and that they believed it had come to them from Demerara (Guyana). The type specimen is in the Kew Herbarium, where there are also specimens of this species from areas where it clearly is not native: tropical Africa, the Malay Peninsula, and India. It is also found in the West Indies (Cuba) and Central America (Panama). This species has naturalized widely from cultivation, and considerably more work is needed to determine its native distribution.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Morphology, cytology, and distribution suggest that Zephyranthes refugiensis arose as a hybrid between Z. pulchella and Z. jonesii. It is known only from Goliad and Refugio counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 26, p. 300. FNA vol. 26, p. 301.
Parent taxa Liliaceae > Zephyranthes Liliaceae > Zephyranthes
Sibling taxa
Z. atamasca, Z. candida, Z. chlorosolen, Z. drummondii, Z. grandiflora, Z. insularum, Z. jonesii, Z. longifolia, Z. pulchella, Z. refugiensis, Z. rosea, Z. simpsonii, Z. smallii, Z. traubii, Z. treatiae
Z. atamasca, Z. candida, Z. chlorosolen, Z. citrina, Z. drummondii, Z. grandiflora, Z. insularum, Z. jonesii, Z. longifolia, Z. pulchella, Z. rosea, Z. simpsonii, Z. smallii, Z. traubii, Z. treatiae
Name authority Baker: Bot. Mag. 108: plate 6605. (1882) F. B. Jones: Rhodora 63: 214. (1961)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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