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citron rain-lily, citron zephyrlily

evening rainlily

Leaf

blade dull green, to 4 mm wide.

blade dull green, to 5 mm wide.

Flowers

erect;

perianth lemon yellow, funnelform, 3.1–5 cm;

perianth tube green, 0.7–1 cm, increasing in diam., less than 1/3 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–3/4) filament length, less than 1/2 spathe length;

tepals rarely reflexed;

stamens diverging, in 2 distinctly subequal sets;

filaments filiform, subequal, 1.2–2 cm;

anthers 5–7 mm;

style longer than perianth tube;

stigma capitate, usually among or below anthers, not exserted more than 1 mm beyond anthers;

pedicel 2.3–4.4 cm, usually longer than spathe.

erect;

perianth white, sometimes tinged or veined pink, salverform, (7.3–)9–14(–16) cm;

perianth tube primarily white, sometimes pale green proximally, (7–)8–12(–13) cm, diam. uniform, 3/4 or more perianth length, at least 15 times filament length, ca. 2–4 times spathe length;

tepals rarely reflexed;

stamens fasciculate, appearing equal;

filaments subulate, 0.2–0.5 mm, apex blunt;

anthers 4–8(–9) mm;

style longer than perianth tube;

stigma capitate, among or very near anthers, exserted no more than 2 mm beyond anthers;

pedicel absent or rarely 0.1 cm and much shorter than spathe.

Spathe

1.6–2.6 cm.

(3–)4–5(–5.7) cm.

2n

= 48.

= 48, 60, 68, 72.

Zephyranthes citrina

Zephyranthes chlorosolen

Phenology Flowering summer (Jul–Sep). Flowering late spring–early fall (May–Oct).
Habitat Moist, sandy loam Wide range of soils and conditions, usually not very wet
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–2400 m (0–7900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; MS; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; KS; LA; MS; OK; TX; e Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

In the original description of Zephyranthes citrina, Baker stated that Messrs. Veitch (Chelsea, England) brought it to him in flower and that they believed it had come to them from Demerara (Guyana). The type specimen is in the Kew Herbarium, where there are also specimens of this species from areas where it clearly is not native: tropical Africa, the Malay Peninsula, and India. It is also found in the West Indies (Cuba) and Central America (Panama). This species has naturalized widely from cultivation, and considerably more work is needed to determine its native distribution.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 300. FNA vol. 26, p. 302.
Parent taxa Liliaceae > Zephyranthes Liliaceae > Zephyranthes
Sibling taxa
Z. atamasca, Z. candida, Z. chlorosolen, Z. drummondii, Z. grandiflora, Z. insularum, Z. jonesii, Z. longifolia, Z. pulchella, Z. refugiensis, Z. rosea, Z. simpsonii, Z. smallii, Z. traubii, Z. treatiae
Z. atamasca, Z. candida, Z. citrina, Z. drummondii, Z. grandiflora, Z. insularum, Z. jonesii, Z. longifolia, Z. pulchella, Z. refugiensis, Z. rosea, Z. simpsonii, Z. smallii, Z. traubii, Z. treatiae
Synonyms Cooperia chlorosolen, Cooperia drummondii, Cooperia kansensis, Z. brazosensis, Z. herbertiana
Name authority Baker: Bot. Mag. 108: plate 6605. (1882) (Herbert) D. Dietrich: Syn. Pl. 2: 1176. (1840)
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