Silene rotundifolia |
Silene nivea |
|
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round-leaf catchfly |
evening campion, snowy campion |
|
Habit | Plants perennial; taproot stout, fleshy; caudex branched. | Plants perennial, rhizomatous; rhizome elongate. |
Stems | several, straggling to erect, freely branched, 2–7 cm, pilose and glandular, sparsely so proximally. |
erect, simple to sparingly branched, leafy, 20–70 cm, glabrous to puberulent, especially distally. |
Leaves | basal leaves withered at time of flowering, distal sessile, proximal petiolate, largest on mid to distal stem; blade subrotund to broadly ovate-lanceolate, 3–10 cm × 20–70 mm, base cuneate into petiole, apex short-acuminate, sparsely short-pilose. |
2 per node, sessile or short-petiolate, largest near mid-stem region, reduced and withering proximally, blade elliptic-lanceolate, base cuneate or rounded, apex gradually acuminate and acute, glabrous to puberulent. |
Inflorescences | cymose, open, few-flowered, leafy, bracteate; bracts resembling distal leaves. |
cymose, (1–)3–5(–12)-flowered, open, leafy. |
Pedicels | 1–3(–4) cm, viscid, with long septate-glandular hairs. |
1/2–21/2 times calyx, apex often becoming deflexed, glabrous to hirsute. |
Flowers | calyx indistinctly veined, tubular, broadened distally, constricted towards base around carpophore, ± umbilicate, 20–25 × 5–8 mm, herbaceous, glandular-pilose, lobes triangular, 3–4 mm, margins narrow, membranous, ciliate; corolla scarlet, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb deeply 2-lobed, 10–15 mm, lobes lanceolate, sometimes with 2 smaller lateral teeth, ciliate, appendages saccate, 1–1.5 mm, with clear area abaxially; stamens shortly exserted; styles 3, shortly exserted. |
calyx green, obscurely 10-veined, broadly tubular to campanulate, ± constricted at base around carpophore with broad umbilicate base, becoming broadly clavate in fruit, 14–17 × 5–9 mm, herbaceous, glabrous or hirsute, veins green, without pale commissures, lobes triangular, 2–3 mm; corolla white, clawed, claw equaling calyx, expanded distally into 2-lobed limb, limb oblong, 6–7 mm, appendages oblong, 1–1.6 mm, margins ± entire; stamens short-exserted; stigmas 3, short-exserted. |
Capsules | narrowly ellipsoid, not distending calyx, included within it, opening by 6 teeth; carpophore 6–8 mm. |
globose, equaling calyx, opening by 3 broad teeth that sometimes split to form 6; carpophore 5–6 mm. |
Seeds | gray, broadly reniform, plump, ca. 1 mm, shallowly papillate. |
dark brown to black, with grayish bloom, broadly reniform, not winged, 0.7–1 mm, sides with concentric crescents of low tubercles, larger and deeper on outer margins. |
2n | = 48. |
= 48. |
Silene rotundifolia |
Silene nivea |
|
Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Woodlands, partially shaded cliffs and bluffs | Alluvial woodlands |
Elevation | 200-600 m (700-2000 ft) | 0-400 m (0-1300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; GA; KY; OH; TN; WV
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DC; IA; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MN; MO; OH; PA; VA; WI; WV
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Discussion | Silene rotundifolia is clearly related to S. laciniata but is a well-marked species of the deciduous forest region. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The green, obscurely veined, umbilicate calyx with its broad base constricted around the carpophore is unique among the North American members of the genus. Silene nivea is occasionally weedy. It was introduced near Québec City (ca. 1969) but did not persist, and probably is not native also in Maine. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 201. | FNA vol. 5, p. 194. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Melandrium rotundifolium | Cucubalus niveus, S. alba |
Name authority | Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 288. (1818) | (Nuttall) Muhlenberg ex Otth: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 377. (1824) |
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