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round-leaf catchfly

arctic campion, arctic catchfly, Drummond's campion

Habit Plants perennial; taproot stout, fleshy; caudex branched. Plants perennial, sometimes with dense tufts of basal rosettes of leaves, subglabrous to pubescent and glandular; taproot slender or stout.
Stems

several, straggling to erect, freely branched, 2–7 cm, pilose and glandular, sparsely so proximally.

Flowering stems

several, erect, simple or branched, 10–45 cm, usually with 2–5 pairs of leaves.

Leaves

basal leaves withered at time of flowering, distal sessile, proximal petiolate, largest on mid to distal stem;

blade subrotund to broadly ovate-lanceolate, 3–10 cm × 20–70 mm, base cuneate into petiole, apex short-acuminate, sparsely short-pilose.

mainly basal, petiolate;

blade narrowly oblanceolate, ± spatulate, 20–60 × 3–5(–10) mm (including petiole), glabrous to pubescent, especially on margins and abaxial veins, pubescence spreading, short, stiff, mainly eglandular.

Inflorescences

cymose, open, few-flowered, leafy, bracteate;

bracts resembling distal leaves.

1–3-flowered, open, bracteate, pubescent, usually densely so, hairs long, flexuous, purple-septate, mostly glandular;

bracts narrowly lanceolate, 4–10 mm, usually pubescent.

Pedicels

1–3(–4) cm, viscid, with long septate-glandular hairs.

usually several times longer than calyx.

Flowers

calyx indistinctly veined, tubular, broadened distally, constricted towards base around carpophore, ± umbilicate, 20–25 × 5–8 mm, herbaceous, glandular-pilose, lobes triangular, 3–4 mm, margins narrow, membranous, ciliate;

corolla scarlet, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb deeply 2-lobed, 10–15 mm, lobes lanceolate, sometimes with 2 smaller lateral teeth, ciliate, appendages saccate, 1–1.5 mm, with clear area abaxially;

stamens shortly exserted;

styles 3, shortly exserted.

pedicellate, rarely sessile, erect, 8–16 mm diam.;

calyx prominently 10-veined, not inflated or thin, campanulate or ovate, 8–20 mm, pubescent, especially on veins, rarely almost glabrous, hairs long and short purple-septate, ± glandular, veins heavily suffused with purple (rarely green), sinuses between veins pale, cream colored;

petals white, often pink or purple tinged, claw equaling calyx, limb not differentiated from claw, emarginate to obovate, often 2-lobed, ca. 1/2 as long as calyx;

stamens included in calyx, spreading horizontally;

styles 5, included in calyx.

Capsules

narrowly ellipsoid, not distending calyx, included within it, opening by 6 teeth;

carpophore 6–8 mm.

equaling calyx, opening by 5 teeth, tardily splitting into 10.

Seeds

gray, broadly reniform, plump, ca. 1 mm, shallowly papillate.

brown, winged, ± reniform to angular, 1–1.5 mm diam.;

wing to 1/2 seed diam.

2n

= 48.

Silene rotundifolia

Silene involucrata

Phenology Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat Woodlands, partially shaded cliffs and bluffs
Elevation 200-600 m (700-2000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; GA; KY; OH; TN; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; Greenland; nw Canada; arctic Europe; e Asia (Russian Far East, Siberia)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Silene rotundifolia is clearly related to S. laciniata but is a well-marked species of the deciduous forest region.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Silene involucrata is a very variable circumpolar and arctic-alpine species complex. Many of the variants have been treated as species by earlier workers. Here, a single species with two subspecies is recognized.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Calyx campanulate to ovoid, 10-20 mm in fruit; flowering stems sturdy, usually less than 20 cm, internodes equaling or shorter than leaves
subsp. involucrata
1. Calyx campanulate, 8-10(-12) mm in fruit; flowering stems slender, usually over 30 cm, internodes longer than leaves
subsp. tenella
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 201. FNA vol. 5, p. 187.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Silene Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Silene
Sibling taxa
S. acaulis, S. antirrhina, S. aperta, S. armeria, S. bernardina, S. bridgesii, S. campanulata, S. caroliniana, S. chalcedonica, S. conica, S. coniflora, S. conoidea, S. coronaria, S. csereii, S. dichotoma, S. dioica, S. douglasii, S. drummondii, S. flos-cuculi, S. gallica, S. grayi, S. hitchguirei, S. hookeri, S. invisa, S. involucrata, S. kingii, S. laciniata, S. latifolia, S. lemmonii, S. marmorensis, S. menziesii, S. nachlingerae, S. nivea, S. noctiflora, S. nuda, S. occidentalis, S. oregana, S. ostenfeldii, S. ovata, S. parishii, S. parryi, S. pendula, S. petersonii, S. plankii, S. polypetala, S. pseudatocion, S. rectiramea, S. regia, S. repens, S. sargentii, S. scaposa, S. scouleri, S. seelyi, S. serpentinicola, S. sibirica, S. sorensenis, S. spaldingii, S. stellata, S. subciliata, S. suecica, S. suksdorfii, S. thurberi, S. uralensis, S. verecunda, S. virginica, S. viscaria, S. vulgaris, S. williamsii, S. wrightii
S. acaulis, S. antirrhina, S. aperta, S. armeria, S. bernardina, S. bridgesii, S. campanulata, S. caroliniana, S. chalcedonica, S. conica, S. coniflora, S. conoidea, S. coronaria, S. csereii, S. dichotoma, S. dioica, S. douglasii, S. drummondii, S. flos-cuculi, S. gallica, S. grayi, S. hitchguirei, S. hookeri, S. invisa, S. kingii, S. laciniata, S. latifolia, S. lemmonii, S. marmorensis, S. menziesii, S. nachlingerae, S. nivea, S. noctiflora, S. nuda, S. occidentalis, S. oregana, S. ostenfeldii, S. ovata, S. parishii, S. parryi, S. pendula, S. petersonii, S. plankii, S. polypetala, S. pseudatocion, S. rectiramea, S. regia, S. repens, S. rotundifolia, S. sargentii, S. scaposa, S. scouleri, S. seelyi, S. serpentinicola, S. sibirica, S. sorensenis, S. spaldingii, S. stellata, S. subciliata, S. suecica, S. suksdorfii, S. thurberi, S. uralensis, S. verecunda, S. virginica, S. viscaria, S. vulgaris, S. williamsii, S. wrightii
Subordinate taxa
S. involucrata subsp. involucrata, S. involucrata subsp. tenella
Synonyms Melandrium rotundifolium Lychnis apetala var. involucrata, Lychnis gillettii
Name authority Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 288. (1818) (Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Bocquet: Candollea 22: 22. (1967)
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