Silene rotundifolia |
Silene coniflora |
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round-leaf catchfly |
fire following campion, manynerve catchfly, multinerve catchfly |
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Habit | Plants perennial; taproot stout, fleshy; caudex branched. | Plants annual; taproot slender. |
Stems | several, straggling to erect, freely branched, 2–7 cm, pilose and glandular, sparsely so proximally. |
erect, simple or branched, 20–65 cm, glandular-pubescent. |
Leaves | basal leaves withered at time of flowering, distal sessile, proximal petiolate, largest on mid to distal stem; blade subrotund to broadly ovate-lanceolate, 3–10 cm × 20–70 mm, base cuneate into petiole, apex short-acuminate, sparsely short-pilose. |
proximal forming rosette, blade oblanceolate, spatulate, 3–8(–12) cm × 5–13(–25) mm, apex ± obtuse, sparingly pubescent and glandular; cauline reduced distally, blade lanceolate, 1–7 cm × 2–15 mm, apex ± acute, sparingly pubescent and glandular. |
Inflorescences | cymose, open, few-flowered, leafy, bracteate; bracts resembling distal leaves. |
dichasiate, open, bracteate; bracts leaflike, to 15 mm. |
Pedicels | 1–3(–4) cm, viscid, with long septate-glandular hairs. |
ascending, 1–3(–5) cm, densely glandular-pubescent, viscid. |
Flowers | calyx indistinctly veined, tubular, broadened distally, constricted towards base around carpophore, ± umbilicate, 20–25 × 5–8 mm, herbaceous, glandular-pilose, lobes triangular, 3–4 mm, margins narrow, membranous, ciliate; corolla scarlet, clawed, claw equaling calyx, limb deeply 2-lobed, 10–15 mm, lobes lanceolate, sometimes with 2 smaller lateral teeth, ciliate, appendages saccate, 1–1.5 mm, with clear area abaxially; stamens shortly exserted; styles 3, shortly exserted. |
calyx prominently 20–25-veined, ovate-conic, 8–12 mm, margins dentate, coarsely pubescent, glandular, lobes erect, narrowly lanceolate, 2–3 mm, margins membranous ca. 1/4 length of calyx; corolla inconspicuous, cream, purple tinged adaxially, dull orange abaxially, equaling or slightly longer than calyx, limb ovate, 1–3 mm, apex notched, appendages absent, auricles round, small; stamens shorter than corolla; stigmas 3, shorter than corolla. |
Capsules | narrowly ellipsoid, not distending calyx, included within it, opening by 6 teeth; carpophore 6–8 mm. |
tightly enclosed in calyx, ovoid, with narrow opening, opening by 6 triangular teeth ca. 1 mm; carpophore ca. 1 mm. |
Seeds | gray, broadly reniform, plump, ca. 1 mm, shallowly papillate. |
dark brown to black, rotund, 0.6–1 mm broad, papillate. |
2n | = 48. |
= 20 (Asia). |
Silene rotundifolia |
Silene coniflora |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer. | Flowering spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Woodlands, partially shaded cliffs and bluffs | Open places, oak parklands, especially after burning |
Elevation | 200-600 m (700-2000 ft) | 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; GA; KY; OH; TN; WV
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CA; Mexico (Baja California); Asia [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Silene rotundifolia is clearly related to S. laciniata but is a well-marked species of the deciduous forest region. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Silene coniflora apparently was introduced into North America in the early days of European exploration and settlement of the Pacific coast. It occurs as a native species from the eastern shores of the Mediterranean to Pakistan and Afghanistan. The report by C. V. Piper (1906) of its occurrence in Washington is based on a specimen of S. conica. I have been unable to confirm the statement by M. E. Peck (1961) that S. multinervia is “sparingly introduced” along the coast of Oregon. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 201. | FNA vol. 5, p. 179. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Melandrium rotundifolium | S. multinervia |
Name authority | Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 288. (1818) | Nees ex de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 371. (1824) |
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