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maple-leaf checkerbloom, maple-leaf sidalcea

dwarf checkerbloom, southern checkerbloom

Habit Herbs, perennial, or subshrubs, (0.4–)0.8–1.5(–2) m, not glaucous, with thick, rather woody caudex or taproot, without rhizomes. Herbs, perennial, 0.2–0.8 m, not glaucous, with thick, fibrous caudex or taproot and short rootstocks, rhizomes developed or not, 3–5 mm diam.
Stems

clustered, erect, solid, bristly-hirsute, hairs simple, forked, and stellate.

1–20, clustered, erect to ascending or decumbent, usually not rooting, solid, proximally hairy, hairs simple, stellate, or mixed, 0.5–1.5 mm, distally usually stellate-hairy or glabrous.

Leaves

cauline, evenly arrayed on stem, similar in size and shape;

stipules linear-lanceolate, 5–15 × 0.5 mm;

petioles 4–7 cm on distal leaves, 1/2 times to as long as blades, longer on proximal leaves;

blade maplelike, usually palmately (3–)5–7- 7–15 mm, pistillate 6–7 mm, bisexual or staminate 10–12 mm;

staminal column 5–7 mm, hairy;

anthers white to pale purplish or pale yellowish;

stigmas 5–9.

mostly basal, cauline to 5, (plant sometimes scapose);

stipules linear to lanceolate, 2–8 × 1–1.5 mm;

petioles of basal leaves 5–10(–25) cm, often 5 times blade length, distally reduced to 1/2 times blade length;

blade orbiculate to reniform, 2–6(–8) × 2–6(–8) cm, base cordate, apex rounded, surfaces stellate-hairy abaxially, moderately minutely stellate-hairy to appressed-hairy adaxially, basal leaves usually shallowly 7-lobed, sometimes unlobed and margins crenate, cauline smaller, palmately 3–5-lobed ± to base, lobe margins entire or incised.

Inflorescences

usually ascending, ± open, calyces not conspicuously overlapping except sometimes in bud, branched or unbranched, 10+-flowered, most flowers spaced 1+ cm apart, elongated, extending well above leaves, narrow, often 1-sided, (15–)30–45 cm;

bracts lanceolate, mostly 2-fid, proximal bracts divided ± to base, distal sometimes undivided.

Pedicels

2–8(–15) mm;

involucellar bractlets absent.

Flowers

bisexual or unisexual and pistillate, plants gynodioecious;

calyx 6–10 mm, densely to sparsely stellate-puberulent, hairs usually longer, coarser, 2–4-rayed especially at margins and over veins;

petals pinkish rose to pinkish lavender or magenta, pale-veined or not, base often white, 10–25 mm, pistillate darker, 6–15 mm, bisexual 12–25(–30) mm;

staminal column 5–6 mm, puberulent;

anthers white;

stigmas (6 or)7–9.

Seeds

1–1.5 mm.

2.5 mm.

Schizocarps

5–6 mm diam.;

mericarps 5–9, 2.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy, margins rounded, back ridged, sides smooth or with slight corrugations near margins, not pitted, mucro absent.

5–6 mm diam.;

mericarps (6 or)7–9, 2.5–3 mm, roughened, glandular-puberulent, lightly to moderately reticulate-veined, pitted, mucro 0.5–1 mm.

2n

= 20.

= 20, 40.

Sidalcea malachroides

Sidalcea sparsifolia

Phenology Flowering May–Jul(–Aug). Flowering Mar–Jun(–Sep).
Habitat Woodlands, redwood forests, moist clearings near coast Moist, often grassy, open places, often on mesas, chaparral, pine-oak openings
Elevation 20–700 m (100–2300 ft) 10–2200 m (0–7200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sidalcea malachroides has long been considered to be the basal or so-called most ancient extant species of Sidalcea based on its morphology (E. M. F. Roush 1931; C. L. Hitchcock 1957). Molecular data support this conclusion (K. Andreasen and B. G. Baldwin 2001, 2003). These robust plants are distinguished by maplelike leaves that vary little in size and shape from base to apex of the stem, by relatively numerous, relatively small flowers with white or pale pink petals in dense, spiciform clusters on branched inflorescences, and by the coastal habitat. Formerly, it occurred in widely scattered sites from Monterey County, California, to Curry County, Oregon; fewer populations are extant; it has sometimes been cultivated. It is usually found in clearings and disturbed areas; it is threatened by logging and associated road usage, development, and non-native plant competition.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sidalcea sparsifolia intergrades with S. malviflora subsp. californica and S. neomexicana. None of the varieties described within S. malviflora subsp. sparsifolia is recognized here but one or more of them may merit distinction. Along with S. neomexicana, S. sparsifolia is one of the southern species of Sidalcea and one of the more tolerant of hot, dry, desert conditions.

Sidalcea sparsifolia is the most common of the southern California species, occurring in the Sierra Nevada foothills and South Coast Ranges. It has been confused with S. neomexicana and with subspecies of S. malviflora. It can be distinguished from the former by its nonpustulate hairs, fibrous crown, and nonfleshy roots, and from the latter by its inland habitat, larger, ascending inflorescences, and tendency to have mostly basal leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 340. FNA vol. 6, p. 354.
Parent taxa Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sidalcea Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sidalcea
Sibling taxa
S. asprella, S. calycosa, S. campestris, S. candida, S. celata, S. covillei, S. cusickii, S. diploscypha, S. elegans, S. gigantea, S. glaucescens, S. hartwegii, S. hendersonii, S. hickmanii, S. hirsuta, S. hirtipes, S. keckii, S. malviflora, S. multifida, S. nelsoniana, S. neomexicana, S. oregana, S. pedata, S. ranunculacea, S. reptans, S. robusta, S. setosa, S. sparsifolia, S. stipularis, S. virgata
S. asprella, S. calycosa, S. campestris, S. candida, S. celata, S. covillei, S. cusickii, S. diploscypha, S. elegans, S. gigantea, S. glaucescens, S. hartwegii, S. hendersonii, S. hickmanii, S. hirsuta, S. hirtipes, S. keckii, S. malachroides, S. malviflora, S. multifida, S. nelsoniana, S. neomexicana, S. oregana, S. pedata, S. ranunculacea, S. reptans, S. robusta, S. setosa, S. stipularis, S. virgata
Synonyms Malva malachroides, Hesperalcea malachroides, S. vitifolia S. malviflora subsp. sparsifolia, S. malviflora var. hirsuta, S. malviflora var. stellata, S. malviflora var. uliginosa
Name authority (Hooker & Arnott) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 332. (1868) (C. L. Hitchcock) S. R. Hill: Madroño 56: 107. (2009)
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