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maple-leaf checkerbloom, maple-leaf sidalcea

fringe checker mallow, fringe checkerbloom

Habit Herbs, perennial, or subshrubs, (0.4–)0.8–1.5(–2) m, not glaucous, with thick, rather woody caudex or taproot, without rhizomes. Herbs, annual, 0.2–0.7 m, not glaucous, with taproot.
Stems

clustered, erect, solid, bristly-hirsute, hairs simple, forked, and stellate.

single, erect, usually branched distally, solid, both short-stellate-puberulent and long soft bristly-hairy, hairs erect.

Leaves

cauline, evenly arrayed on stem, similar in size and shape;

stipules linear-lanceolate, 5–15 × 0.5 mm;

petioles 4–7 cm on distal leaves, 1/2 times to as long as blades, longer on proximal leaves;

blade maplelike, usually palmately (3–)5–7- 7–15 mm, pistillate 6–7 mm, bisexual or staminate 10–12 mm;

staminal column 5–7 mm, hairy;

anthers white to pale purplish or pale yellowish;

stigmas 5–9.

basal, early-deciduous, and cauline;

mid to distal stem stipules divided into 2–5 filiform or linear segments, involucrelike, 10+ × 1 mm;

petiole (4–)6–20(–50) cm, usually 1/2 times to as long as blade;

basal leaf blades orbiculate, unlobed, 1–2.5 × 1–2.5 cm, base cordate, margins crenate, apex rounded;

cauline leaf blades orbiculate, palmately 5–7-lobed, (1–)2–6 × (1–)2–6 cm, lobes linear distally, sometimes 3-toothed or -lobed, then midtooth or lobe much longer than laterals, margins entire, surfaces bristly-puberulent.

Inflorescences

erect, dense, calyces overlapping, occasionally short-branched, clusters to 10-flowered, subumbellate to elongate in age, not 1-sided;

bracts linear or filiform, palmately 2–7-lobed, 8–12 mm, lobes linear, usually becoming involucrelike, 1–2.5 cm, subequal to or longer than calyx.

Pedicels

1–3 mm, (short branches may easily be mistaken for pedicels);

involucellar bractlets absent.

Flowers

bisexual;

calyx 8–12 mm, not much accrescent, lobes often with narrow purple line or spot at lobe base inside, outer surface bristly-hairy and stellate-puberulent, seldom densely glandular, multicellular hairs usually few or absent;

petals dark pink to deep purple, veins often paler, darker patch sometimes at base, 20–35 mm;

staminal column 4–6 mm, hairy;

anthers sessile on rim, white;

stigmas 5 or 6.

Seeds

1–1.5 mm.

2 mm.

Schizocarps

5–6 mm diam.;

mericarps 5–9, 2.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy, margins rounded, back ridged, sides smooth or with slight corrugations near margins, not pitted, mucro absent.

6–7 mm diam.;

mericarps 5 or 6, sometimes pinkish when fresh, 2.5 mm, glabrous, back minutely hairy, back and sides reticulate-veined, back with prominent midvein, not pitted, mucro absent.

2n

= 20.

= 20.

Sidalcea malachroides

Sidalcea diploscypha

Phenology Flowering May–Jul(–Aug). Flowering Apr–May(–Jun).
Habitat Woodlands, redwood forests, moist clearings near coast Grasslands, open woodlands, valleys, near vernal pools, usually on serpentine
Elevation 20–700 m (100–2300 ft) 0–900 m (0–3000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sidalcea malachroides has long been considered to be the basal or so-called most ancient extant species of Sidalcea based on its morphology (E. M. F. Roush 1931; C. L. Hitchcock 1957). Molecular data support this conclusion (K. Andreasen and B. G. Baldwin 2001, 2003). These robust plants are distinguished by maplelike leaves that vary little in size and shape from base to apex of the stem, by relatively numerous, relatively small flowers with white or pale pink petals in dense, spiciform clusters on branched inflorescences, and by the coastal habitat. Formerly, it occurred in widely scattered sites from Monterey County, California, to Curry County, Oregon; fewer populations are extant; it has sometimes been cultivated. It is usually found in clearings and disturbed areas; it is threatened by logging and associated road usage, development, and non-native plant competition.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Sidalcea diploscypha is widespread in central and northern California and occurs also in Douglas County, Oregon, where it is apparently introduced. Young plants, even in flower, may resemble S. keckii, and transitional plants are known; S. diploscypha generally differs from S. keckii by its longer divided bracts, usually entire lobes on its distal stem leaves, simple bristles on the calyx, bristles absent at the standard mucro position on the mericarp, relatively few glandular and multicellular hairs, and generally clustered flowers and fruits. Plants in Colusa, Napa, Solano, and Yolo counties, California, are sometimes hard to distinguish from S. keckii, and vice versa. Some plants in Butte and Lake counties, California, also show some transitional features; none have yet been assigned to S. keckii.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 340. FNA vol. 6, p. 330.
Parent taxa Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sidalcea Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Sidalcea
Sibling taxa
S. asprella, S. calycosa, S. campestris, S. candida, S. celata, S. covillei, S. cusickii, S. diploscypha, S. elegans, S. gigantea, S. glaucescens, S. hartwegii, S. hendersonii, S. hickmanii, S. hirsuta, S. hirtipes, S. keckii, S. malviflora, S. multifida, S. nelsoniana, S. neomexicana, S. oregana, S. pedata, S. ranunculacea, S. reptans, S. robusta, S. setosa, S. sparsifolia, S. stipularis, S. virgata
S. asprella, S. calycosa, S. campestris, S. candida, S. celata, S. covillei, S. cusickii, S. elegans, S. gigantea, S. glaucescens, S. hartwegii, S. hendersonii, S. hickmanii, S. hirsuta, S. hirtipes, S. keckii, S. malachroides, S. malviflora, S. multifida, S. nelsoniana, S. neomexicana, S. oregana, S. pedata, S. ranunculacea, S. reptans, S. robusta, S. setosa, S. sparsifolia, S. stipularis, S. virgata
Synonyms Malva malachroides, Hesperalcea malachroides, S. vitifolia Sida diploscypha, S. diploscypha var. minor, S. secundiflora
Name authority (Hooker & Arnott) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 332. (1868) (Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 19. (1849)
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