Sidalcea malachroides |
Sidalcea diploscypha |
|
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maple-leaf checkerbloom, maple-leaf sidalcea |
fringe checker mallow, fringe checkerbloom |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, or subshrubs, (0.4–)0.8–1.5(–2) m, not glaucous, with thick, rather woody caudex or taproot, without rhizomes. | Herbs, annual, 0.2–0.7 m, not glaucous, with taproot. |
Stems | clustered, erect, solid, bristly-hirsute, hairs simple, forked, and stellate. |
single, erect, usually branched distally, solid, both short-stellate-puberulent and long soft bristly-hairy, hairs erect. |
Leaves | cauline, evenly arrayed on stem, similar in size and shape; stipules linear-lanceolate, 5–15 × 0.5 mm; petioles 4–7 cm on distal leaves, 1/2 times to as long as blades, longer on proximal leaves; blade maplelike, usually palmately (3–)5–7- 7–15 mm, pistillate 6–7 mm, bisexual or staminate 10–12 mm; staminal column 5–7 mm, hairy; anthers white to pale purplish or pale yellowish; stigmas 5–9. |
basal, early-deciduous, and cauline; mid to distal stem stipules divided into 2–5 filiform or linear segments, involucrelike, 10+ × 1 mm; petiole (4–)6–20(–50) cm, usually 1/2 times to as long as blade; basal leaf blades orbiculate, unlobed, 1–2.5 × 1–2.5 cm, base cordate, margins crenate, apex rounded; cauline leaf blades orbiculate, palmately 5–7-lobed, (1–)2–6 × (1–)2–6 cm, lobes linear distally, sometimes 3-toothed or -lobed, then midtooth or lobe much longer than laterals, margins entire, surfaces bristly-puberulent. |
Inflorescences | erect, dense, calyces overlapping, occasionally short-branched, clusters to 10-flowered, subumbellate to elongate in age, not 1-sided; bracts linear or filiform, palmately 2–7-lobed, 8–12 mm, lobes linear, usually becoming involucrelike, 1–2.5 cm, subequal to or longer than calyx. |
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Pedicels | 1–3 mm, (short branches may easily be mistaken for pedicels); involucellar bractlets absent. |
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Flowers | bisexual; calyx 8–12 mm, not much accrescent, lobes often with narrow purple line or spot at lobe base inside, outer surface bristly-hairy and stellate-puberulent, seldom densely glandular, multicellular hairs usually few or absent; petals dark pink to deep purple, veins often paler, darker patch sometimes at base, 20–35 mm; staminal column 4–6 mm, hairy; anthers sessile on rim, white; stigmas 5 or 6. |
|
Seeds | 1–1.5 mm. |
2 mm. |
Schizocarps | 5–6 mm diam.; mericarps 5–9, 2.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy, margins rounded, back ridged, sides smooth or with slight corrugations near margins, not pitted, mucro absent. |
6–7 mm diam.; mericarps 5 or 6, sometimes pinkish when fresh, 2.5 mm, glabrous, back minutely hairy, back and sides reticulate-veined, back with prominent midvein, not pitted, mucro absent. |
2n | = 20. |
= 20. |
Sidalcea malachroides |
Sidalcea diploscypha |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul(–Aug). | Flowering Apr–May(–Jun). |
Habitat | Woodlands, redwood forests, moist clearings near coast | Grasslands, open woodlands, valleys, near vernal pools, usually on serpentine |
Elevation | 20–700 m (100–2300 ft) | 0–900 m (0–3000 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Sidalcea malachroides has long been considered to be the basal or so-called most ancient extant species of Sidalcea based on its morphology (E. M. F. Roush 1931; C. L. Hitchcock 1957). Molecular data support this conclusion (K. Andreasen and B. G. Baldwin 2001, 2003). These robust plants are distinguished by maplelike leaves that vary little in size and shape from base to apex of the stem, by relatively numerous, relatively small flowers with white or pale pink petals in dense, spiciform clusters on branched inflorescences, and by the coastal habitat. Formerly, it occurred in widely scattered sites from Monterey County, California, to Curry County, Oregon; fewer populations are extant; it has sometimes been cultivated. It is usually found in clearings and disturbed areas; it is threatened by logging and associated road usage, development, and non-native plant competition. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Sidalcea diploscypha is widespread in central and northern California and occurs also in Douglas County, Oregon, where it is apparently introduced. Young plants, even in flower, may resemble S. keckii, and transitional plants are known; S. diploscypha generally differs from S. keckii by its longer divided bracts, usually entire lobes on its distal stem leaves, simple bristles on the calyx, bristles absent at the standard mucro position on the mericarp, relatively few glandular and multicellular hairs, and generally clustered flowers and fruits. Plants in Colusa, Napa, Solano, and Yolo counties, California, are sometimes hard to distinguish from S. keckii, and vice versa. Some plants in Butte and Lake counties, California, also show some transitional features; none have yet been assigned to S. keckii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 340. | FNA vol. 6, p. 330. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Malva malachroides, Hesperalcea malachroides, S. vitifolia | Sida diploscypha, S. diploscypha var. minor, S. secundiflora |
Name authority | (Hooker & Arnott) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 332. (1868) | (Torrey & A. Gray) A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 19. (1849) |
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