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Sagittaria latifolia

bird's-eye pearlwort, broad-leaf arrowhead, common arrowhead, duck-potato, Indian potato, sagittaire latifoliee, wapato

crested arrowhead

Habit Herbs, perennial, to 45 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. Herbs, annual or perennial, to 75 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present.
Leaves

emersed;

petiole triangular, erect to ascending, 6.5–51 cm;

blade sagittate, rarely hastate, 1.5–30.5 × 2–17 cm, basal lobes equal to or less than remainder of blade.

emersed, sessile, phyllodial, linear to lanceolate, flattened, 15–25(–40) × 1.5–4 cm, or petiole triangular, 15–50 cm, blade linear to elliptic-lanceolate, 4–10 × 0.3–2 cm.

Inflorescences

racemes, rarely panicles, of 3–9 whorls, emersed, 4.5–28.5 × 4–23 cm;

peduncles 10–59 cm;

bracts connate more than or equal to ¼ total length, elliptic to lanceolate, 3–8 mm, delicate, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading, cylindric, 0.5–3.5 cm.

racemes, of 3–6 whorls, 1.5 × 4 cm;

peduncle 20–60 cm;

bracts connate greater than or equal to ¼ total length, ovate, 4–10 mm, nearly scarious, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading, cylindric, 0.8–3 cm.

Flowers

to 4 cm diam.;

sepals recurved to spreading, not enclosing flower or fruiting head;

filaments cylindric, longer than anthers, glabrous;

pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens.

to 0.8 cm diam.;

sepals recurved to spreading, not enclosing flower;

filaments dilated, exceeding anthers in length, pubescent;

pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens.

Fruiting

heads 1–1.7 cm diam;

achenes oblanceoloid, without abaxial keel, 2.5–3.5 × to 2 mm, beaked;

faces not tuberculate, wings absent, glands (0–)1(–2);

beak lateral, horizontal, 1–2 mm.

heads 1.2–2 cm diam.;

achenes cuneate-obovoid, abaxially keeled, 2.5–3 × 1.4–1.8 mm, beaked;

faces not tuberculate, wings 1, ± entire, glands absent;

beak ascending to horizontal, 0.4–0.7 mm.

2n

= 22.

Sagittaria latifolia

Sagittaria cristata

Phenology Flowering summer–fall. Flowering summer (Jul–Aug).
Habitat Wet ditches, pools, and margins of streams and lakes Sandy margins and bottoms of lakes, ponds, and swamps
Elevation 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) 100–1000 m (300–3300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; c Mexico; s Mexico; Central America (Guatemala); South America (Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
IA; IL; MI; MN; MO; NE; WI; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sagittaria latifolia has been divided into numerous species and varieties. It was divided into two varieties, based upon the presence of pubescence over the entire vegetative plant (C. Bogin 1955; K. Rataj 1972). We have examined numerous specimens and found that many from the southeastern United States are pubescent; we believe that this character alone is insufficient for recognition of the varieties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Alismataceae > Sagittaria Alismataceae > Sagittaria
Sibling taxa
S. ambigua, S. australis, S. brevirostra, S. cristata, S. cuneata, S. demersa, S. engelmanniana, S. fasciculata, S. filiformis, S. graminea, S. guayanensis, S. isoetiformis, S. kurziana, S. lancifolia, S. longiloba, S. montevidensis, S. papillosa, S. platyphylla, S. rigida, S. sanfordii, S. secundifolia, S. subulata, S. teres
S. ambigua, S. australis, S. brevirostra, S. cuneata, S. demersa, S. engelmanniana, S. fasciculata, S. filiformis, S. graminea, S. guayanensis, S. isoetiformis, S. kurziana, S. lancifolia, S. latifolia, S. longiloba, S. montevidensis, S. papillosa, S. platyphylla, S. rigida, S. sanfordii, S. secundifolia, S. subulata, S. teres
Synonyms S. latifolia var. obtusa, S. latifolia var. pubescens, S. ornithorhyncha, S. planipes, S. pubescens, S. viscosa S. graminea var. cristata
Name authority Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 4(1): 409. (1805) Engelmann: Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences 4: 29. (1883)
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