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Louisiana broomrape

Habit Plants simple or few-branched, 7–40(–54) cm, usually stout, base enlarged in robust specimens. Plants simple, sometimes few-branched from base, 4–15(–26) cm, stout, base enlarged in robust specimens.
Roots

inconspicuous to conspicuous (often forming an amorphous mass), slender, usually branched.

usually relatively conspicuous, slender, unbranched or with short bifurcations.

Leaves

several to numerous, appressed;

blade lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, 5–10 mm, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces sometimes glandular-pubescent.

numerous, appressed;

blade broadly rounded or deltate, 3–8 mm, margins entire or erosulate, apex rounded to subacute, surfaces glabrous.

Inflorescences

spikelike racemes, purple, lavender, or pallid distally, rarely yellow, sometimes branched, glandular-pubescent;

flowers numerous;

bracts ± reflexed, lanceolate, 8–12 mm, apex acute or attenuate, densely glandular-pubescent.

compact corymbs (sometimes subracemose in robust specimens), pallid, usually infused with purple, often branched, densely glandular-puberulent;

flowers numerous;

bracts erect to slightly reflexed, ± lanceolate to oblanceolate, 5–10 mm, apex retuse or erosulate, sometimes obtuse to acute, glandular-pubescent.

Pedicels

0–15 mm, much shorter than plant axis;

bracteoles 2.

2–10 mm (to 35 mm proximally), shorter than plant axis;

bracteoles 2.

Flowers

calyx purple, lavender, or pallid, weakly bilaterally symmetric, 8–14 mm, deeply divided into 5 lobes, lobes lanceolate-subulate, glandular-pubescent;

corolla 14–20 mm, tube white to pallid or cream, sometimes pinkish or light purplish tinged distally, sometimes with purple veins, constricted above ovary, slightly curved forward, glandular-pubescent;

palatal folds prominent, yellow, pubescent;

lips externally white to pallid or cream, sometimes pinkish or light purplish tinged, internally pink or purple, sometimes white with purple veins, rarely light yellow, abaxial lip spreading, 3–5 mm, lobes oblong-lanceolate, apex obtuse or rounded, adaxial lip erect or slightly reflexed, 4–6 mm, lobes ovate, sometimes deltate, apex rounded or obtuse to bluntly pointed;

filaments glabrous or pilose at base, anthers included or slightly exserted, glabrous or with few woolly hairs along sutures.

calyx pallid to dark purple, weakly bilaterally symmetric, 6–14 mm, deeply divided into 5 subequal lobes, lobes subulate to narrowly spatulate, densely glandular-pubescent;

corolla (8–)15–25(–30) mm, tube white to cream, sometimes pale purplish tinged distally, sometimes with purple veins, slightly constricted above ovary, slightly dilated distally, straight or ± curved forward, glandular-puberulent;

palatal folds prominent, cream to lemon, glabrous;

lips white to cream, sometimes purplish tinged distally (especially internally and on adaxial lip), sometimes with purple veins, abaxial lip erect to slightly spreading, 4–6(–9) mm, lobes oblong to oblong-ovate, apex rounded to truncate, adaxial lip erect to barely spreading, 4–6(–9) mm, lobes oblong to lanceolate, apex rounded to truncate, sometimes shallowly emarginate;

filaments glabrous at base, anthers included or barely exserted, glabrous or with few long hairs.

Capsules

ovoid, 6–13 mm.

ovoid to cylindric-ovoid, 8–10 mm.

Seeds

0.3–0.5 mm.

0.3–0.5 mm.

2n

= 48.

= 48.

Orobanche ludoviciana

Orobanche robbinsii

Phenology Flowering Apr–Aug. Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Prairies, sand hills, sand dunes, eroded ground, glades, roadsides. Rocky seaside bluffs, ancient shell mounds and sand dunes, eroding cliff slide areas.
Elevation 0–2500 m. (0–8200 ft.) 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; ID; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; OK; SD; TX; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
Discussion

Orobanche ludoviciana is one of the most widely distributed species of Orobanche in North America. It commonly occurs in wind and water eroded habitats, principally in the Great Plains of North America and contiguous areas.

Throughout most of its range, Orobanche ludoviciana parasitizes Grindelia squarrosa and several species of Artemisia. However, at the southern limits of the range in Texas, it has been reported on Baccharis, Haploësthes, Heterotheca, and Thelesperma (Asteraceae); in Canada, Heterotheca villosa is an important host. The reports on cultivated crops (tomato and tobacco) are the result of misidentifications by P. A. Munz (1930) and should be attributed to O. cooperi and O. riparia.

The binomial Orobanche ludoviciana has often been broadly applied to several taxa in western states, including several taxa treated herein as species.

P. A. Munz (1930) inadvertently used a specimen of Orobanche riparia to describe and illustrate the corollas of O. ludoviciana as having pointed corolla lobes. This led him to include several western taxa that have pointed corolla lobes within O. ludoviciana, including taxa treated here as species: O. cooperi, O. riparia, and O. valida. L. T. Collins et al. (2009) clarified this issue, pointing out that the corolla lobes are in fact rounded.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Orobanche robbinsii is distributed from Marin to San Luis Obispo counties. It is parasitic on Eriophyllum staechadifolium, with single reports on Artemisia pycnocephala (Asteraceae) and Phacelia californica (Hydrophyllaceae).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 481. FNA vol. 17, p. 476.
Parent taxa Orobanchaceae > Orobanche Orobanchaceae > Orobanche
Sibling taxa
O. arizonica, O. bulbosa, O. californica, O. cooperi, O. corymbosa, O. fasciculata, O. minor, O. multiflora, O. parishii, O. pinorum, O. ramosa, O. riparia, O. robbinsii, O. uniflora, O. valida, O. vallicola
O. arizonica, O. bulbosa, O. californica, O. cooperi, O. corymbosa, O. fasciculata, O. ludoviciana, O. minor, O. multiflora, O. parishii, O. pinorum, O. ramosa, O. riparia, O. uniflora, O. valida, O. vallicola
Synonyms Aphyllon ludovicianum, Myzorrhiza ludoviciana, O. ludoviciana var. arenosa, O. multiflora var. arenosa Aphyllon robbinsii
Name authority Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 58. (1818) Heckard ex Colwell & Yatskievych: Phytoneuron 2016-58: 2, fig. 1A–D. (2016)
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