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Bishop's cap, mitrelle à deux feuilles, two-leaf Bishop's-cap, two-leaf mitrewort, twoleaf miterwort

Habit Plants not stoloniferous.
Flowering stems

10–45(–51) cm.

Leaves

petiole 1.8–18 cm, medium and long stipitate-glandular, longer hairs retrorse, white or tan;

blade ovate to broadly ovate, ± as long as or longer than wide, 1.4–8.5 × 1.4–9.6 cm, margins shallowly to prominently 3- or 5-lobed, crenate or dentate, irregularly to regularly ciliate, apex of terminal lobe acute, rarely obtuse, surfaces subglabrous or sparsely short and long stipitate-glandular;

cauline leaves 2, mid cauline or distal, opposite or subopposite, subsessile to short-petiolate, blade (1.1–)1.6–8 × 0.7–6.5 cm.

Inflorescences

1–5, remotely or closely 5–22(–27)-flowered, 1 flower per node, not secund, 10–45(–51) cm, sparsely to densely spreading or retrorsely long stipitate-glandular proximally, short stipitate-glandular distally.

Pedicels

1–3 mm, short stipitate-glandular.

Flowers

hypanthium broadly campanulate, 1–1.6 × 2–3.4 mm;

sepals spreading, greenish white or yellowish green, triangular, 1–1.3 × 0.8–1.1 mm;

petals white, 9–11(–15)-lobed, 2–4 mm, lobes linear, lateral lobes spreading or ascending;

stamens 10, opposite and alternate with sepals;

filaments white, 0.2–0.3 mm;

anthers 0.1–0.3 × 0.1–0.2 mm;

ovary nearly superior;

styles divergent, flattened, 0.1–0.2 mm;

stigmas unlobed.

Seeds

dark reddish brown or blackish, 1.2–1.6 mm, nearly smooth.

2n

= 14.

Mitella diphylla

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Rich woods, hardwoods on ravine slopes
Elevation 300-2000 m (1000-6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
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Discussion

A decoction from whole plants of Mitella diphylla was used by the Iroquois as an emetic, eye medicine, and good-luck charm; seeds were used by the Menominee as sacred items in medicine dances (D. E. Moerman 1998).

Mitella intermedia T. A. Bruhin ex Small & Rydberg is a presumed interspecific hybrid between M. diphylla and M. nuda. It has been reported from New York and Wisconsin.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 110.
Parent taxa Saxifragaceae > Mitella
Sibling taxa
M. breweri, M. caulescens, M. diversifolia, M. nuda, M. ovalis, M. pentandra, M. stauropetala, M. trifida
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 406. 1753 ,
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