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hyacinth lupine, San Jacinto lupine

evergreen lupine, silver bush lupine, silver lupine, white-leaf bush lupine

Habit Herbs, perennial, 4–10 dm, gray becoming green, sparsely hairy. Subshrubs or shrubs, rarely perennial herbs, (1–)2–50 dm, usually silvery, sometimes greenish.
Stems

erect, unbranched or branched distally.

decumbent to erect, clustered, branched or unbranched.

Leaves

cauline;

stipules not leaflike, green to silvery, 5–16 mm;

petiole 3–6 cm;

leaflets 7–12, blades 30–80 × 4–8 mm, adaxial surface sparsely pubescent.

cauline, clustered near base or not;

stipules 6–20 mm;

petiole 1–8(–12) cm;

leaflets 6–10, blades 10–45 × 4–18 mm, surfaces hairy.

Racemes

4–22 cm;

flowers ± whorled.

4–40 cm, rachis usually deciduous or semideciduous;

flowers usually spirally arranged or loosely whorled.

Peduncles

3–12 cm;

bracts deciduous, 5–9 mm.

5–13 cm;

bracts deciduous, 4–24 mm.

Pedicels

2–6 mm.

3–10 mm.

Flowers

13–16 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire or 3-toothed, 7–11 mm, adaxial lobe 2-toothed, 6–10 mm;

corolla light blue to purple, banner patch yellowish to white, banner glabrous abaxially, keel upcurved, glabrous, banner ovate, wings wide, covering keel tip.

10–18 mm;

calyx bulge or spur 0–1 mm, abaxial lobe entire or 3-toothed, 6–10 mm, adaxial lobe deeply divided, 6–8 mm;

corolla violet to lavender, patch usually yellow, rarely white, turning purple, banner usually hairy abaxially, rarely glabrous, keel usually unlobed proximally, adaxial margin usually ciliate middle to tip, abaxial margins glabrous.

Legumes

3–4 cm, silky.

3–5 cm, hairy.

Cotyledons

deciduous, petiolate.

deciduous, petiolate.

Seeds

3–7, beige, speckled brown, 4–6 mm.

4–9, mottled tan, 4–6 mm.

Lupinus hyacinthinus

Lupinus albifrons

Phenology Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Dry slopes, under yellow pines and white fir.
Elevation 2000–3500 m. (6600–11500 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
w United States; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Lupinus hyacinthinus is found in southern California in the San Gabriel, San Jacinto, and Santa Rosa mountains and on the Sierra San Pedro Mártir in Baja California. It is distinguished from its close relatives by its larger flowers in combination with green (versus gray or dull green) leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 8 (8 in the flora).

Lupinus albifrons is the most common shrubby lupine in western North America. The combination of silver-pubescent leaves, banners that are pubescent abaxially, and keels that are usually ciliate will separate it from the coastal L. arboreus and the dune loving L. chamissonis. The desert L. excubitus is separated by petiole length, raceme rachis persistence and size, elevation, and distribution. Some of the varieties (austromontanus, collinus, and medius) are woody at base but can appear herbaceous.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Shrubs, 5–50 dm.
→ 2
2. Flowers 14–18 mm; leaves greenish hairy.
var. hallii
2. Flowers 10–14 mm; leaves silver-silky.
→ 3
3. Inflorescence bracts 4–8 mm; coastal California, s Oregon.
var. albifrons
3. Inflorescence bracts 10–24 mm; San Francisco Bay region, Central Coast, n Channel Islands, California.
var. douglasii
1. Subshrubs (occasionally semi-herbaceous and woody at base), 1–7(–10) dm.
→ 4
4. Flowers 14–18 mm.
→ 5
5. Plants herbaceous toward base; racemes 14–40 cm; Tehachapi Mountains, California, southward.
var. austromontanus
5. Plants woody toward base; racemes 6–12 ­cm; San Bernardino and San Gabriel mountains, California.
var. johnstonii
4. Flowers 10–16 mm.
→ 6
6. Petioles to 12 cm; Sonora Desert, California.
var. medius
6. Petioles 3–8 cm; cismontane California.
→ 7
7. Pubescence woolly to shaggy; shrubs or subshrubs 2–10 dm; Santa Lucia Mountains, Monterey County, California.
var. abramsii
7. Pubescence appressed-silvery, not woolly or shaggy; subshrubs 2–4 dm; n, s Coast Ranges, n Sierra Nevada Foothills, Cali­fornia, Oregon.
var. collinus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Lupinus
Sibling taxa
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. albifrons, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
L. adsurgens, L. affinis, L. albicaulis, L. andersonii, L. angustiflorus, L. antoninus, L. apertus, L. arboreus, L. arbustus, L. arcticus, L. argenteus, L. arizonicus, L. benthamii, L. bicolor, L. brevicaulis, L. breweri, L. cervinus, L. chamissonis, L. citrinus, L. concinnus, L. constancei, L. covillei, L. croceus, L. dalesiae, L. diffusus, L. duranii, L. elatus, L. elmeri, L. excubitus, L. flavoculatus, L. formosus, L. fulcratus, L. gracilentus, L. grayi, L. guadalupensis, L. havardii, L. hirsutissimus, L. huachucanus, L. hyacinthinus, L. kingii, L. kuschei, L. lapidicola, L. latifolius, L. lepidus, L. leucophyllus, L. littoralis, L. longifolius, L. ludovicianus, L. luteolus, L. magnificus, L. malacophyllus, L. microcarpus, L. nanus, L. neomexicanus, L. nevadensis, L. nipomensis, L. nootkatensis, L. obtusilobus, L. odoratus, L. onustus, L. oreganus, L. pachylobus, L. padrecrowleyi, L. peirsonii, L. perennis, L. polyphyllus, L. pratensis, L. pusillus, L. rivularis, L. sabineanus, L. sericatus, L. sericeus, L. shockleyi, L. sierrae-blancae, L. sparsiflorus, L. spectabilis, L. stiversii, L. subcarnosus, L. succulentus, L. sulphureus, L. texensis, L. tidestromii, L. tracyi, L. truncatus, L. uncialis, L. villosus, L. westianus
Subordinate taxa
L. albifrons var. abramsii, L. albifrons var. albifrons, L. albifrons var. austromontanus, L. albifrons var. collinus, L. albifrons var. douglasii, L. albifrons var. hallii, L. albifrons var. johnstonii, L. albifrons var. medius
Synonyms L. albicaulis var. hyacinthinus, L. andersonii var. sublinearis, L. formosus var. hyacinthinus
Name authority Greene: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 85. (1910) Bentham: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 19: plate 1642. (1834)
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