Lilium pardalinum subsp. wigginsii |
Lilium pardalinum subsp. pitkinense |
|
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Wiggins' lily |
Pitkin Marsh lily |
|
Bulbs | branching occasionally, often irregularly, 1.6–3 × 3.9–11.8 cm, 0.2–0.5 times taller than long; scales 2–4-segmented, longest 1–2 cm. |
branching but less often than in subsp. pardalinum, otherwise similar; scales usually 2-segmented. |
Stems | to 1.7 m, weakly clonal and not forming large colonies. |
to 2 m, moderately clonal and usually forming small colonies. |
Leaves | ± evenly distributed along middle of stem, occasionally scattered, especially in young plants, or in 1–6 whorls or partial whorls, 3–19 leaves per whorl, usually horizontal and drooping at the tips, sometimes ascending, 6–24.6 × 0.5–3.5 cm, 4–22 times longer than wide; blade elliptic to narrowly linear, usually lanceolate in distal leaves, margins not undulate. |
± evenly distributed along stem, in 2–5 whorls or partial whorls, 3–14 leaves per whorl, ± ascending or horizontal and drooping at the tips, 6.8–22.3 × 1.2–3.6 cm, 4–13 times longer than wide; blade elliptic, sometimes narrowly so, or weakly oblanceolate, margins not undulate. |
Racemes | 1–15-flowered. |
1–11-flowered. |
Flowers | not fragrant; sepals and petals reflexed 1/3 along length from base, usually uniformly orange or yellow-orange, rarely light orange or light red-orange on distal 1/3–2/5 and lighter proximally; sepals appearing wide for their length, 3.5–7.1 × 1–2 cm; petals 3.4–7.1 × 0.9–2 cm; stamens moderately exserted, often malformed and/or shrunken; filaments moderately spreading, diverging 10°–18° from axis; anthers pale yellow, 0.5–1.3 cm, pollen yellow or orange; pistil 3.1–4.3 cm; ovary 1–2.2 cm; pedicel 6–29.5 cm. |
not fragrant; sepals and petals reflexed 1/3 along length from base, yellow-orange or orange proximally, darker orange-red to sometimes reddish on distal 1/3–1/2; sepals 4.9–7.1 × 1–1.7 cm; petals 4.9–7.1 × 1.2–2 cm; stamens moderately exserted; filaments moderately spreading, diverging 9°–18° from axis; anthers magenta, 0.6–1.1 cm; pollen red- or brown-orange; pistil 3.4–4.6 cm; ovary 1.2–1.9 cm; pedicel 8.5–26.5 cm. |
Capsules | 2.3–4.2 × 1.2–2.1 cm, 1.6–2.6 times longer than wide. |
not measured. |
Seeds | 123–198. |
not counted. |
2n | = 24. |
|
Lilium pardalinum subsp. wigginsii |
Lilium pardalinum subsp. pitkinense |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer (Jul–Aug). | Flowering summer (Jun–Jul). |
Habitat | Wet thickets and meadows among conifers | Marshes and adjacent scrub beneath valley oak (Quercus lobata Née) |
Elevation | 800–2000 m (2600–6600 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR |
CA |
Discussion | Subspecies wigginsii is a Klamath Mountain endemic that occurs widely along the county boundary between Del Norte and Siskiyou counties, California, and east through southeastern Josephine County, Oregon, to Mount Ashland in Jackson County (O. H. Ballantyne 1983). It intergrades with subsp. shastense in the Marble Mountains of Siskiyou County. The solid orange flowers and yellow anthers are distinctive. Genetic instability in this subspecies is frequently expressed as malformed flowers with shrunken or missing reproductive structures. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. The Pitkin Marsh lily is a local isolate of subsp. pardalinum with small flowers, short stamens, and brighter anthers known only from the vicinity of Sebastopol in Sonoma County, California. Celebrated and once quite common in its limited range, it is now protected by the state of California due to dramatic declines from land clearing for agriculture and housing, hydrological disruption, and depredations by lily fanciers and flower pickers. The expression of subsp. pitkinense most faithful to the type is extremely rare and found only in Pitkin Marsh. Plants from nearby marshes are somewhat more variable, and some clones begin to approach subsp. pardalinum morphologically; hybrids or plants virtually indistinguishable from the nominate subspecies occur a few miles from Pitkin Marsh. Subspecies pitkinense can be distinguished with some difficulty from subsp. shastense by its darker pollen. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 191. | FNA vol. 26, p. 190. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | L. wigginsii | L. pitkinense |
Name authority | (Beane & Vollmer) M. W. Skinner: Novon 12: 258. (2002) | (Beane & Vollmer) M. W. Skinner: Novon 12: 255. (2002) |
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