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Helenium autumnale

common sneezeweed, fall sneezeweed, hélénie automnale, large-flower sneezeweed, mountain sneezeweed

shortleaf sneezeweed

Habit Perennials, 50–130 cm. Perennials, 20–100 cm.
Stems

1(–7), branched distally, strongly winged, sparsely to densely hairy proximally, moderately to densely hairy distally.

usually 1, unbranched or sparingly branched distally, weakly to moderately winged, glabrous proximally, sparsely to moderately hairy distally.

Leaves

usually moderately to densely hairy, sometimes glabrous;

basal blades (withered by flowering) lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, entire or weakly lobed;

proximal and mid blades obovate to oblanceolate, usually dentate or entire;

distal blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, entire or dentate.

glabrous or sparsely hairy;

basal blades oblanceolate to spatulate, entire or undulate to undulate-serrate;

proximal and mid blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, usually entire, sometimes undulate to undulate-serrate;

distal blades lance-linear, entire.

Peduncles

3–10 cm, moderately to densely hairy.

(3–)6–11(–15) cm, sparsely to moderately hairy.

Involucres

globoid, 8–20 × 8–23 mm.

hemispheric to globoid, 10–15 × 10–20 mm.

Ray florets

8–21, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow, 10–23 × 4–10 mm.

9–24, neuter;

corollas yellow, 12.5–21 × 4–8 mm.

Disc florets

200–400(–800+);

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 2.4–4 mm, lobes 5.

200–500(–800+);

corollas yellow proximally, usually purple to yellow or yellow-brown distally, 4–5.6 mm, lobes 5.

Phyllaries

(connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy.

(connate proximally) sparsely to moderately hairy.

Heads

5–70(–100+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays.

1–10 per plant, borne singly or in paniculiform to corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

1–2 mm, sparsely to moderately hairy;

pappi of 5–7 entire, aristate scales (0.5–)0.9–1.5(–1.8) mm.

1–1.4 mm, sparsely to moderately hairy;

pappi of 6–8 entire, non-aristate scales 1–1.7 mm.

2n

= 32, 34, 36.

= 26, 28.

Helenium autumnale

Helenium brevifolium

Phenology Flowering (Jul–)Aug–Oct(–Nov). Flowering Mar–May.
Habitat Roadsides, fields, along streams, ditches, seepage areas, around ponds and lakes Ditches, fields, other moist areas such as wet woods, bogs, and swamp edges
Elevation 20–2600 m (100–8500 ft) 0–80 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 431. FNA vol. 21, p. 431.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium
Sibling taxa
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
Synonyms H. autumnale var. canaliculatum, H. autumnale var. fylesii, H. autumnale var. grandiflorum, H. autumnale var. montanum, H. autumnale var. parviflorum, H. latifolium, H. parviflorum Leptopoda brevifolia, H. curtisii
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 886. (1753) (Nuttall) Alph. Wood: Amer. Bot. Fl., 182. (1870)
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