Helenium autumnale |
Helenium brevifolium |
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common sneezeweed, fall sneezeweed, hélénie automnale, large-flower sneezeweed, mountain sneezeweed |
shortleaf sneezeweed |
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Habit | Perennials, 50–130 cm. | Perennials, 20–100 cm. |
Stems | 1(–7), branched distally, strongly winged, sparsely to densely hairy proximally, moderately to densely hairy distally. |
usually 1, unbranched or sparingly branched distally, weakly to moderately winged, glabrous proximally, sparsely to moderately hairy distally. |
Leaves | usually moderately to densely hairy, sometimes glabrous; basal blades (withered by flowering) lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, entire or weakly lobed; proximal and mid blades obovate to oblanceolate, usually dentate or entire; distal blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, entire or dentate. |
glabrous or sparsely hairy; basal blades oblanceolate to spatulate, entire or undulate to undulate-serrate; proximal and mid blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, usually entire, sometimes undulate to undulate-serrate; distal blades lance-linear, entire. |
Peduncles | 3–10 cm, moderately to densely hairy. |
(3–)6–11(–15) cm, sparsely to moderately hairy. |
Involucres | globoid, 8–20 × 8–23 mm. |
hemispheric to globoid, 10–15 × 10–20 mm. |
Ray florets | 8–21, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow, 10–23 × 4–10 mm. |
9–24, neuter; corollas yellow, 12.5–21 × 4–8 mm. |
Disc florets | 200–400(–800+); corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 2.4–4 mm, lobes 5. |
200–500(–800+); corollas yellow proximally, usually purple to yellow or yellow-brown distally, 4–5.6 mm, lobes 5. |
Phyllaries | (connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy. |
(connate proximally) sparsely to moderately hairy. |
Heads | 5–70(–100+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays. |
1–10 per plant, borne singly or in paniculiform to corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | 1–2 mm, sparsely to moderately hairy; pappi of 5–7 entire, aristate scales (0.5–)0.9–1.5(–1.8) mm. |
1–1.4 mm, sparsely to moderately hairy; pappi of 6–8 entire, non-aristate scales 1–1.7 mm. |
2n | = 32, 34, 36. |
= 26, 28. |
Helenium autumnale |
Helenium brevifolium |
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Phenology | Flowering (Jul–)Aug–Oct(–Nov). | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Roadsides, fields, along streams, ditches, seepage areas, around ponds and lakes | Ditches, fields, other moist areas such as wet woods, bogs, and swamp edges |
Elevation | 20–2600 m (100–8500 ft) | 0–80 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; VA
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Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 431. | FNA vol. 21, p. 431. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. autumnale var. canaliculatum, H. autumnale var. fylesii, H. autumnale var. grandiflorum, H. autumnale var. montanum, H. autumnale var. parviflorum, H. latifolium, H. parviflorum | Leptopoda brevifolia, H. curtisii |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 886. (1753) | (Nuttall) Alph. Wood: Amer. Bot. Fl., 182. (1870) |
Web links |
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