Geum calthifolium |
Geum rossii |
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caltha-leaf avens |
alpine avens, Ross' avens, slender stem avens |
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Habit | Plants subscapose. | Plants subscapose. |
Stems | 8–40 cm, sparsely hirsute proximally, puberulent throughout. |
4–28 cm, glabrous or downy, hairs to 1 mm, sometimes septate-glandular. |
Leaves | basal 5–25 cm, blade strongly lyrate-pinnate, sometimes simple, major leaflet 1, minor leaflets 1–7, terminal leaflet much larger than minor laterals; cauline 1.5–4.5 cm, stipules not evident, blade bractlike, not resembling basal, simple. |
basal 3–13 cm, blade pinnate to interruptedly pinnate, major leaflets 13–26, alternating with 0–14 minor ones, terminal leaflet slightly larger than major laterals; cauline 0.7–2 cm, stipules adnate to leaf, indistinguishable from pair of lobes, blade bractlike, not resembling basal, alternate, simple, pinnatifid to 3-fid. |
Inflorescences | 1–2(–4)-flowered. |
1–3(–4)-flowered. |
Pedicels | downy, hirsute, eglandular. |
woolly, sometimes glandular. |
Flowers | erect; epicalyx bractlets 2–6 mm; hypanthium green or green with slight maroon tinge; sepals erect-spreading, 6–11 mm; petals spreading, yellow, obcordate-obdeltate to nearly orbiculate, 9–13 mm, longer than sepals, apex broadly and shallowly emarginate. |
erect; epicalyx bractlets 1.5–7 mm; hypanthium green, slightly purple-tinged to strongly purple; sepals erect to erect-spreading, 3–10 mm; petals spreading, yellow, obovate to nearly orbiculate, 5–12(–17) mm, longer than sepals, apex broadly rounded to irregularly emarginate. |
Fruiting tori | sessile, glabrous. |
sessile, glabrous. |
Fruiting styles | wholly persistent, not geniculate-jointed, 9–14 mm, apex not hooked, pilose in basal 3/4, eglandular. |
wholly persistent, not geniculate-jointed, 2–5(–10) mm, apex not hooked, glabrous throughout or pilose only at base. |
2n | = 42. |
= 56. |
Geum calthifolium |
Geum rossii |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Muskegs, moist meadows, heathlands, moist sites on rocky slopes, ledges, and cliffs | Alpine and arctic tundra, rocky slopes, often in gravelly or peaty soil |
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | 0–4000 m (0–13100 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; BC; e Asia (Russian Far East) |
AK; AZ; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC; NT; NU; YT; Greenland; e Asia (Russian Far East)
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Discussion | Geum calthifolium hybridizes with G. rossii [= G. ×macranthum (Kearney ex Rydberg) B. Boivin]; see discussion under 4. G. schofieldii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The variability accommodated here in Geum rossii was distributed by earlier monographers such as P. A. Rydberg (1913b) and F. Bolle (1933) among a half dozen species. W. Gajewski (1957) reduced them to two species, G. rossii and G. turbinatum; most recent taxonomists have recognized the two taxa as subspecies or varieties of a single species. The large geographic discontinuity between the Rocky Mountain and arctic ranges makes it easy for those wishing to follow this tradition. No one morphologic character or combination of characters neatly separates the arctic plants from those of the Rockies. Where their ranges overlap in Alaska, Geum rossii hybridizes with G. calthifolium to form sterile plants known as G. ×macranthum (Kearney ex Rydberg) B. Boivin; see discussion under 4. G. schofieldii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 64. | FNA vol. 9, p. 63. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Sieversia rossii, Acomastylis rossii, G. rossii var. depressum, G. rossii var. turbinatum, G. turbinatum, S. gracilipes | |
Name authority | Smith: in A. Rees, Cycl. 16: Geum no. 13. (1810) | (R. Brown) Seringe: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 553. (1825) |
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