Flora of North America species comparison

1, erect, strict (slightly flexuous distally), simple, glabrous, distally ± villosulous (arrays).

1, erect, simple, flexuous, proximally glabrous or villous, more densely villous distally.

cauline;

proximal withering by flowering, narrowly winged-petiolate, blades broadly oblanceolate or elliptic to obovate, smaller than mid;

mid and distal winged-petiolate (5–30 mm), broadly elliptic to oblanceolate, (70–)90–140 × 40–50(–60) mm, reduced distally, bases cuneate, with 4–5 pairs of marked veins, margins coarsely serrate (teeth 1–4 mm), slightly revolute, scabrous, apices acuminate;

abaxial faces glabrescent, adaxial sparsely pilose, mainly on veins.

basal and cauline, thin, margins ± sharply serrate, teeth (6–20 per side) mucronulate, strigoso-ciliate, apices acuminate, abaxial faces glabrous or sparsely villous, adaxial sparsely strigose, long-stipitate-glandular (black) along veins;

basal and proximal cauline withering by flowering, long-petiolate, blades widely ovate, basal smaller than proximal, bases cordate to subcordate (sinuses narrow);

cauline long (10–50 mm) petiolate, wingless or increasingly winged distally, blades ovate, 30–110 × 11–64 mm, bases cordate (proximal) to rounded or rounded-cuneate (distal);

distal (arrays) sessile or short (0–11 mm), widely-winged petiolate, blades ovate, 8–38 × 5–23 mm.

sparsely pilose;

bracts 0–1, foliaceous, remotely serrulate.

(subtended by ± reduced distal leaves, longest more than 1.5 cm) villous, eglandular;

bracts 0(–1), abruptly smaller than leaves, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm, sometimes subtending heads.

campanulate, 7–11 mm, shorter than pappi.

campanulate, 6.5–9(–10) mm, shorter than pappi.

10–30;

corollas pale white to pale blue, 10–15 × 1.5–2 mm.

(8–)12–16(–20);

corollas usually white, sometimes lilac-tinged, (10–)17–18(–20) × 2.6–3.3 mm.

10–20;

corollas yellow turning pinkish, ca. 4.5–5 mm, tubes longer than funnelform throats, lobes spreading, triangular, ca. 1.5 mm.

(12–)17–26;

corollas yellow, 5.6–6.1 mm, abruptly ampliate, tubes (3–3.6 mm) longer than campanulate throats (0.7–1.1 mm), lobes reflexed, lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm.

32–36 in 4–5 series, broadly oblong, strongly unequal, scarious, dark green zones wide, from 1/2 distally, margins hyaline, narrow, erose, densely ciliate, apices appressed or often slightly squarrose, obtuse to subacute, faces glabrous, eglandular.

ca. 27 in 4–5 series, ovate or oblong (outer) to oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate (inner), strongly unequal, membranous, bases indurate, pale green zones on less than distal 1/4 (outer, a few sometimes more than 1/2) to 1/6 or none (inner), margins not scarious, entire or slightly erose, often purplish distally (inner), densely villoso-ciliate, apices obtuse to acute, abaxial faces glabrous or sparsely villous, eglandular.

1–10, borne singly or in corymbiform arrays.

3–25+ in open, corymbiform arrays.

tan, fusiform, cylindric, 5–6 mm, ribs 7–11, stramineous, faces ± strigose;

pappi of pale stramineous (clavate) bristles 5–7 mm, shorter than to ± equaling disc corollas.

tan to brown, fusiform to cylindro-obovoid, slightly compressed, 3.3–3.5 mm, ribs 7–10, stramineous, faces glabrate to sparsely strigillose;

pappi of pale cinnamon (fine, barbellulate) bristles 6.2–6.3 mm, equaling to longer than disc florets.

= 54.

= 36, 45.