Dodecatheon austrofrigidum |
Dodecatheon subalpinum |
|
---|---|---|
frigid shooting star, tillamook shooting star, tundra shooting star |
Sierra shootingstar, Sierran shootingstar |
|
Habit | Plants (5–)10–45 cm; scape usually glabrous, glandular-puberulent distally. | Plants 7–15(–25) cm; scape glabrous. |
Caudices | not obvious at anthesis; roots white; bulblets absent. |
not obvious at anthesis; roots reddish, bulblets usually present. |
Leaves | 2.5–30 × 0.7–7 cm; petiole winged; blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or ovate, base decurrent onto stem, gradually tapering to petiole, margins entire or irregularly sinuate-dentate to denticulate, surfaces glabrous. |
(2.5–)3–8(–10) × 0.5–1.5(–1.8) cm; petiole usually not winged; blade oblanceolate to narrowly spatulate, base usually slightly decurrent onto stem, gradually tapering to petiole, margins entire, sometimes slightly undulate, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | 1–7-flowered; bracts lanceolate, 2.5–10 mm, glandular-puberulent. |
1–5(–8)-flowered; bracts linear to narrowly lanceolate, 2–6 mm, glabrous. |
Pedicels | (0.4–)0.5–4.5(–5.5) cm, glandular-puberulent, sometimes glabrous. |
1–2(–3.5) cm, glabrous. |
Flowers | calyx green, 5–11 mm, glabrous or glandular (at least on margins of lobes), tube 1–2.5(–3) mm, lobes 5, 3–9 mm; corolla tube white with reddish to purplish, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta, (9–)15–20(–23) mm; filaments distinct, dark maroon to dark purple, 0.5–1.8 mm; anthers (4.5–)6–8 mm; pollen sacs maroon to dark purple, connective dark purple, smooth; stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
calyx green, 3.5–6 mm, glabrous, tube 2–3 mm, lobes 5, 2.5–4.5 mm; corolla tube usually yellow, sometimes white with dark maroon, thick, wavy ring, lobes 5, usually magenta, sometimes white, 5–9(–12) mm; filaments connate, tube dark maroon, 2–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm; anthers 3–4 mm; pollen sacs yellow, streaked with purple, connective dark maroon, transversely rugose, (infrequently seemingly longitudinally wrinkled); stigma not enlarged compared to style. |
Capsules | greenish to tannish with purple speckles, often purplish apically, operculate or valvate, ovoid, 6–16 × 3.5–5.5(–7) mm, glabrous; walls thin, pliable. |
tan, valvate, cylindric-ovoid, 6–10(–13) × 3–4.5 mm, glabrous; walls thin, pliable. |
Seeds | without membrane along edges. |
without membrane along edges. |
2n | = 88. |
= 66. |
Dodecatheon austrofrigidum |
Dodecatheon subalpinum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Moist basaltic slopes, ridges, streamsides, and cliff faces in conifer woodlands near waterfalls and along streams or in high-elevation, tundralike, grassland communities | Moist slopes, mainly shady places in conifer woodlands or in meadows and along stream banks |
Elevation | 30-1200 m (100-3900 ft) | 2100-4000 m (6900-13100 ft) |
Distribution |
OR; WA
|
CA |
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Dodecatheon austrofrigidum occurs mainly in the mountains near the coast of Washington from the southern Olympic Peninsula (Grays Harbor and Pacific counties) to northwestern Oregon (Clatsop and Tillamook counties). The populations are widely scattered and always with relatively few individuals. At higher elevations (e.g., ca. 1200 m atop Saddle Mountain, Tillamook County), D. austrofrigidum occurs in moist, grassy turf. At lower elevations in the same area, it occurs on stream banks in the narrow zone between the high- and low-water mark, persisting in cracks of basaltic rocks. The degree of denticulation of the leaves appears to vary among populations; some larger plants have toothed leaf blades even prior to anthesis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Dodecatheon subalpinum is known from the high western slopes of the central and southern Sierra Nevada from Tuolumne County to Tulare County. This high-elevation ecotype might be considered a variety of D. hendersonii, for which the epithet yosemitanum H. Mason is available. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 278. | FNA vol. 8, p. 274. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Primula austrofrigida | Primula subalpina |
Name authority | K. L. Chambers: Sida 22: 462, figs. 1–3. 2006 , | Eastwood: Leafl. W. Bot. 2: 37. 1937 , |
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