Dodecatheon austrofrigidum
Dodecatheon amethystinum
frigid shooting star, tillamook shooting star, tundra shooting star
jeweled shootingstar
not obvious at anthesis;
roots white;
bulblets absent.
not obvious at anthesis;
roots white;
bulblets absent.
2.5–30 × 0.7–7 cm;
petiole winged;
blade narrowly to broadly elliptic or ovate, base decurrent onto stem, gradually tapering to petiole, margins entire or irregularly sinuate-dentate to denticulate, surfaces glabrous.
4–25 × 1–8 cm;
petiole often winged;
blade oblanceolate to oblong, base decurrent onto stem, often gradually tapering to petiole, margins entire, surfaces glabrous.
1–7-flowered;
bracts lanceolate, 2.5–10 mm, glandular-puberulent.
1–10(–24)-flowered;
bracts narrowly or broadly lanceolate, 2–10 mm, glabrous.
(0.4–)0.5–4.5(–5.5) cm, glandular-puberulent, sometimes glabrous.
1–5 cm, glandular at proximal 1 or 2 nodes, glabrous distally.
calyx green, 5–11 mm, glabrous or glandular (at least on margins of lobes), tube 1–2.5(–3) mm, lobes 5, 3–9 mm;
corolla tube white with reddish to purplish, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, magenta, (9–)15–20(–23) mm;
filaments distinct, dark maroon to dark purple, 0.5–1.8 mm;
anthers (4.5–)6–8 mm;
pollen sacs maroon to dark purple, connective dark purple, smooth;
stigma not enlarged compared to style.
calyx light green to green, 3–8(–10) mm, glabrous, tube 3–5 mm, lobes 5, (1–)3–7 mm;
corolla tube usually maroon with maroon, thin, wavy ring, lobes 5, pink to purplish, rarely white, 8–20 mm;
filaments connate, tube maroon, 0.5–2(–2.5) × 2–3.5 mm;
anthers (3.5–)5–7.5(–8.5) mm;
pollen sacs reddish to maroon, rarely pale, connective maroon, smooth;
stigma not enlarged compared to style.
greenish to tannish with purple speckles, often purplish apically, operculate or valvate, ovoid, 6–16 × 3.5–5.5(–7) mm, glabrous;
walls thin, pliable.
light brown to reddish brown or yellowish, valvate, cylindric-ovoid, 7–16 × 3–5 mm, glabrous;
walls thin, pliable.
without membrane along edges.
without membrane along edges.
= 88.
Dodecatheon austrofrigidum
Dodecatheon amethystinum
Of conservation concern.
Dodecatheon austrofrigidum occurs mainly in the mountains near the coast of Washington from the southern Olympic Peninsula (Grays Harbor and Pacific counties) to northwestern Oregon (Clatsop and Tillamook counties). The populations are widely scattered and always with relatively few individuals. At higher elevations (e.g., ca. 1200 m atop Saddle Mountain, Tillamook County), D. austrofrigidum occurs in moist, grassy turf. At lower elevations in the same area, it occurs on stream banks in the narrow zone between the high- and low-water mark, persisting in cracks of basaltic rocks. The degree of denticulation of the leaves appears to vary among populations; some larger plants have toothed leaf blades even prior to anthesis.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Dodecatheon amethystinum is found mainly on, and at the bases of, limestone cliffs in hardwood forests from southwestern Wisconsin and adjacent southeastern Minnesota to northeastern Iowa, western Illinois, and eastern Missouri. It is disjunct to the eastern Appalachian Mountains of southeastern Pennsylvania; reports from northern West Virginia are based on specimens of D. meadia. Vegetatively, D. amethystinum is allied to D. meadia although its thin-walled (rather than thick and firm) fruit is like that of D. pulchellum. The only truly distinguishing feature between it and D. meadia is the fully mature capsules (L. H. Klotz and C. Loeffler 2007). In D. amethystinum, length of the light to reddish brown or yellowish capsule often is more than three times the diameter. The length of the dark reddish brown capsule of D. meadia is less than three times the diameter. As noted by H. H. Iltis and W. M. Shaughnessy (1960), D. amethystinum tends to grow on moist cliff faces and bluffs; D. meadia tends to occur on drier sites in prairie settings and in deciduous woodlands. Dodecatheon meadia is sometimes found in moist areas, and even on cliff faces; these sites are still comparatively drier. According to A. F. Cholewa, some populations in southern Minnesota that she considers to be D. amethystinum have leaves that are relatively broad and tend not to taper gradually to the petiole. In that light, continued recognition of D. amethystinum at the species level becomes dubious.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
OR
WA
Flora NW
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
IL Wildflowers
MN Wildflowers
MO Plants
