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Claytonia megarhiza var. nivalis

alpine springbeauty

Indian lettuce, miner's-lettuce, miner's-lettuce spring-beauty, winter purslane

Habit Plants perennial, with stout, woody caudices; periderm 5–12 mm. Plants annual, with minute, tuberous bodies; periderm absent.
Stems

5–25 cm.

5–50 cm.

Leaves

basal leaves sessile, dilated at base into broad, succulent sheath, blade rhombic to oblanceolate, 2–10 × 0.4–2.8 cm, apex obtuse;

cauline leaves sessile, blade oblanceolate, 2–10 × 2–5 mm.

basal leaves in suberect to erect, seldom flattened rosettes, petiolate, 1–30 cm, blade often with weak red pigmentation, broadly rhombic to deltate or reniform, 1–7 × 0.5–5(–6) cm, apex obtuse to apiculate, mucro 1–3 mm;

cauline leaves sessile, blade perfoliate or cleft or notched, 10 cm diam. or less.

Inflorescences

multibracteate;

bracts subtending pedicels, apex obtuse.

1-bracteate;

bract leaflike, 0.5–15 mm.

Flowers

12–20 mm diam;

sepals 6–8 mm;

petals white, pink, or rose, 5–20 × 3–8 mm;

ovules 6.

3–10 mm;

sepals 1.5–4 mm;

petals pink or white, 2–5 mm;

ovules 3.

Seeds

2–3 mm diam., shiny and smooth;

elaiosome 1 mm or less.

2–5 mm, shiny and smooth;

elaiosome 1–3 mm.

2n

= 12, 16, 24, 32, 34, 36.

= 12, 24, 36, 48, 60.

Claytonia megarhiza

Claytonia perfoliata

Phenology Flowering May–Aug.
Habitat Talus, scree, gravelly slopes
Elevation 2000-4000 m (6600-13100 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC; Central America (Guatemala); adventive in Europe; Pacific Islands (New Zealand)
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Discussion

Subspecies 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Basal leaf rosettes erect, 20-50 cm; cauline leaf pairs connate into perfoliate discs, blade margins entire; seeds 3-5 mm
subsp. perfoliata
1. Basal leaf rosettes suberect to flattened, 2-30 cm; cauline leaf pairs perfoliate, blade margins notched or deeply cleft; seeds 2-4 mm
→ 2
2. Basal leaf blades ovate to broadly rhombic, apex obtuse; leaf blades often beet red, gray-green, or purplish; epidermal gas pockets easily seen in field; seeds 3-4 mm
subsp. intermontana
2. Basal leaf blades deltate, apex apiculate; leaf blades mostly green; not beet red; epidermal gas pockets usually not visible (except in populations of California Transverse Ranges); seeds 2-3 mm
subsp. mexicana
Source FNA vol. 4, p. 469. FNA vol. 4, p. 472.
Parent taxa Portulacaceae > Claytonia Portulacaceae > Claytonia
Sibling taxa
C. acutifolia, C. arctica, C. arenicola, C. caroliniana, C. cordifolia, C. exigua, C. gypsophiloides, C. lanceolata, C. megarhiza, C. multiscapa, C. nevadensis, C. ogilviensis, C. palustris, C. parviflora, C. perfoliata, C. rosea, C. rubra, C. sarmentosa, C. saxosa, C. scammaniana, C. sibirica, C. tuberosa, C. umbellata, C. virginica, C. washingtoniana
C. acutifolia, C. arctica, C. arenicola, C. caroliniana, C. cordifolia, C. exigua, C. gypsophiloides, C. lanceolata, C. megarhiza, C. multiscapa, C. nevadensis, C. ogilviensis, C. palustris, C. parviflora, C. rosea, C. rubra, C. sarmentosa, C. saxosa, C. scammaniana, C. sibirica, C. tuberosa, C. umbellata, C. virginica, C. washingtoniana
Subordinate taxa
C. perfoliata subsp. intermontana, C. perfoliata subsp. mexicana, C. perfoliata subsp. perfoliata
Synonyms C. arctica var. megarhiza, C. megarhiza var. bellidifolia, C. megarhiza var. nivalis Montia perfoliata
Name authority (A. Gray) Parry ex S. Watson: Smithsonian Misc. Collect 258: 118. (1878) Donn ex Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 2: 1186. (1798)
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