Castilleja xanthotricha |
Castilleja covilleana |
|
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John Day or yellow-hairy paintbrush, John Day paintbrush, yellow hair paintbrush, yellow-hair Indian paintbrush |
Coville's Indian paintbrush, Coville's or cushion or Rocky Mountain paintbrush |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, 1–2(–3.8) dm; from a woody caudex; with a taproot. | Herbs, perennial, 1–3(–4) dm; from a stout, woody caudex; with a taproot. |
Stems | few to several, ± decumbent to erect or ascending, unbranched, sometimes with short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs erect to spreading, long, soft, eglandular, mixed with short stipitate-glandular ones. |
several, erect or ascending, unbranched, sometimes branched, hairs sparse, spreading or retrorse, moderately long, soft, crisped, eglandular, mixed with shorter ones. |
Leaves | green, linear, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, oblong, or cuneate, 0.8–5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane to wavy, involute, 0–5-lobed, apex acute, sometimes rounded; lobes spreading, linear, arising below mid length, nearly as broad as center lobe, apex acute. |
green, brown, or purple, linear to lanceolate, 1.5–6 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, rarely ± wavy, involute, 3–5(–7)-lobed, apex acuminate to acute; lobes widely spreading, deep, linear to narrowly lanceolate, lateral lobes not much narrower than central one, apex acuminate. |
Inflorescences | 3–14 × 1.5–4.5 cm; bracts proximally greenish, rarely dull reddish purple, distally white to cream, rarely pale yellow or dull, pale pink (sharply differentiated from proximal coloration), lanceolate or oblong to narrowly ovate, (3–)5–7-lobed; lobes ascending, linear to obovate, ± broadened distally, medium, long, proximal lobes arising below mid length, central lobe apex broadly rounded to truncate, others acute to rounded. |
3–22 (longer in fruit) × 1–5 cm; bracts proximally greenish to deep purplish, distally bright red or scarlet, sometimes orange to pale yellow, linear, (3–)5–7-lobed, sometimes with secondary lobes; lobes spreading, linear to oblanceolate, long, arising below mid length, apex acute to obtuse. |
Corollas | curved, 17–23 mm; tube 15–19 mm; beak exserted, adaxially green, 5–8(–9) mm, puberulent, stipitate-glandular; abaxial lip deep purple (color sometimes visible through calyx), green, pinkish, or pale yellow, ± prominent, slightly inflated, usually hidden in calyx, sometimes right at top of calyx, 2 mm, ca. 50% as long as beak; teeth ascending, whitish, yellowish, pink, or green, 1–1.5 mm. |
straight, 20–35 mm; tube 13–23 mm; beak and usually part of abaxial lip exserted; beak adaxially green, 6.9–13 mm; abaxial lip deep green, reduced, thickened, included or visible through front calyx cleft, 1.7–3.8 mm, 10–25% as long as beak; teeth incurved, yellow or deep green, 0.7–1.7 mm. |
Calyces | colored as bracts, 15–26 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 3.5–7 mm, 25–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–5 mm, 12–25% of calyx length; lobes linear, oblong, or narrowly triangular, center lobe apex usually rounded, lobes acute to rounded. |
colored as bracts, sometimes paler proximally, 15–26(–33) mm; abaxial clefts 4–7.4 mm, adaxial 7–10 mm, abaxial 21–37% of calyx length, adaxial 28–51% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–3.5(–5) mm, 8–18% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to triangular, apex acute. |
2n | = 48. |
= 48. |
Castilleja xanthotricha |
Castilleja covilleana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Arid, rocky, sandy, or clay slopes of basaltic origin, sagebrush steppes. | Rocky slopes, ledges, talus, ridges, open conifer forests, moist to dry substrates, montane to alpine. |
Elevation | 400–800 m. (1300–2600 ft.) | 1200–3100 m. (3900–10200 ft.) |
Distribution |
OR
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ID; MT
|
Discussion | Castilleja xanthotricha is endemic to moderate elevations in the sagebrush hills of the John Day River drainage in north-central Oregon. N. H. Holmgren (1971) hypothesized that this tetraploid species is of allopolyploid hybrid origin between C. glandulifera and C. oresbia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Castilleja covilleana is endemic to the mountains of central Idaho and adjacent southwestern Montana. A collection of unusually tall plants was described as C. multisecta. Castilleja covilleana is closely related to C. rupicola. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 665. | FNA vol. 17, p. 599. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. multisecta | |
Name authority | Pennell: Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 74: 5. (1941) | L. F. Henderson: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27: 353. (1900) — (as Castilleia) |
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