Castilleja ambigua var. meadii |
Castilleja ambigua var. humboldtiensis |
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Mead's johnny-nip, Mead's owl's-clover |
Humboldt bay owl's-clover |
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Stems | erect, unbranched, sometimes with a few divaricate-ascending branches from proximal 1/2 of stem above base. |
± short-decumbent proximally, becoming erect to ascending, unbranched or few-branched from mid stem. |
Leaves | linear or linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 1 mm wide at base, not fleshy, apex acuminate. |
narrowly oblong to linear, oblong, or lanceolate, cup-shaped, ± fleshy, apex rounded. |
Bracts | proximally pale greenish, distally white on lobe apices, often becoming entirely greenish with age; lobes divaricate-ascending, linear, 8–14 mm, usually arising below mid length. |
proximally green or brownish purple, distally pink to purple on lobe apices; lobes ascending, oblong, 20–23 mm, usually arising above mid length. |
Corollas | 14–21 mm; beak pale, off-white, pale yellow, green with margins off-white, or yellow, sometimes orange, 1–4 mm; abaxial lip pale yellow; teeth white to green. |
21–24 mm; beak pink or purplish, 5–7 mm; abaxial lip yellow, becoming orange or red-purple after anthesis; teeth deep pinkish purple, often with whitish bases. |
Calyces | with all 4 clefts subequal or lateral clefts shallower; lateral clefts 2–3 mm, 25% of calyx length. |
with all 4 clefts subequal; lateral clefts 3 mm, ca. 15% of calyx length. |
Castilleja ambigua var. meadii |
Castilleja ambigua var. humboldtiensis |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun(–Jul). | Flowering Apr–Jul(–Aug). |
Habitat | Seasonally wet meadows with volcanic substrates in oak-pine woodlands or chaparral, shallow vernal pools, ephemeral stream margins. | Upper margins of Salicornia salt marshes, saline flats. |
Elevation | 400–500 m. (1300–1600 ft.) | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA |
CA |
Discussion | Variety meadii is limited to vernally wet habitats, growing over rocks of the Sonoma Volcanic Formation in central Napa County near Atlas Peak. All known populations are under private ownership, and the variety is of conservation concern due to its very limited range. For the present, all populations except one are protected by conservation easements. Variety meadii often grows alongside, but does not hybridize with, Castilleja attenuata and C. densiflora. Ongoing study of annual species of Castilleja suggests this variety is genetically distinctive and may deserve full species status (S. J. Jacobs et al. 2018). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Variety humboldtiensis has purplish flowers and bract apices and is limited to the upper edge of Salicornia-dominated salt marshes in Humboldt and Mendocino counties, where it replaces var. ambigua. Most populations are around Humboldt Bay. Reports of var. humboldtiensis from Tomales Bay in Marin County are based on plants of the salt marsh form of var. ambigua and have yellowish flowers. Variety humboldtiensis is threatened by coastal development. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 586. | FNA vol. 17, p. 585. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Orthocarpus castillejoides var. humboldtiensis, C. ambigua subsp. humboldtiensis | |
Name authority | J. M. Egger & Ruygt: Phytoneuron 2012-68: 2, figs. 1, 3–7, 9[left]. (2012) | (D. D. Keck) J. M. Egger: Phytologia 90: 67. (2008) |
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