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Canada rockcress, Canadian rockcress, Drummond's rock-cress, straight-up suncress

Habit Perennials; short-lived; sexual; caudex not woody. Biennials or perennials; usually short-lived; sexual; caudex usually not woody.
Stems

usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of rosette near ground surface, 0.7–2.2 dm, glabrous throughout.

usually 1–4 per caudex branch, usually arising from center of rosette near ground surface, rarely arising laterally proximal to sterile shoots, 1.5–8(–10.2) dm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent proximally, trichomes sessile, usually 2-rayed, rarely simple, 0.3–0.7 mm, glabrous distally.

Basal leaves

blade oblanceolate, 1–2 mm wide, margins entire, ciliate near petiole base, trichomes (simple), to 0.4 mm, surfaces sparsely to densely pubescent, trichomes short-stalked, 4–8-rayed, 0.03–0.1 mm.

blade oblanceolate, 1.5–8(–14) mm wide, margins usually entire, rarely dentate, ciliate, trichomes (sessile, usually 2-rayed, rarely simple ones at petiole base), surfaces usually pubescent, sometimes glabrous, trichomes sessile, 2-rayed (malpighiaceous), 0.3–0.7 mm.

Cauline leaves

6–11, sometimes concealing stem proximally;

blade auricles to 0.5 mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves glabrous.

6–52, concealing stem proximally;

blade auricles 0.5–3 mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves glabrous.

Racemes

5–17-flowered, unbranched.

8–35(–80)-flowered, usually unbranched.

Flowers

erect at anthesis;

sepals glabrous;

petals white, 3–4 × 0.5–0.8 mm, glabrous;

pollen ellipsoid.

erect at anthesis;

sepals glabrous;

petals white (usually aging pale lavender), (5–)7–11 × 1.5–2.7 mm, glabrous;

pollen ellipsoid.

Fruiting pedicels

erect, straight, 2–4(–7) mm, glabrous.

erect, straight, 5–18(–25) mm, glabrous.

Fruits

erect, usually appressed to rachis, not secund, straight, edges parallel, 2–3.5 cm × 2.2–2.5 mm;

valves glabrous;

ovules 60–96 per ovary;

style 0.05–0.2 mm.

erect, appressed to rachis, not secund, straight, edges parallel, 4–9(–10.2) cm × 1.5–3.5 mm;

valves glabrous;

ovules 110–216 per ovary;

style 0.05–0.3 mm.

Seeds

sub-biseriate, 0.7–0.9 × 0.5–0.6 mm, not winged or minutely winged distally.

biseriate, 1.3–2.2 × 1–1.6 mm;

wing lateral and distal, 0.3–0.8 mm wide.

2n

= 14.

Boechera williamsii

Boechera stricta

Phenology Flowering May–Jun. Flowering May–Aug.
Habitat Gravelly soil in sagebrush-grassland communities Rocky slopes and gravelly soil in sagebrush and mountain shrub communities, open conifer and hardwood forests, alpine meadows
Elevation 2300-2800 m (7500-9200 ft) 700-3900 m (2300-12800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
WY
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NH; NM; NV; OH; OR; RI; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; NT; QC; SK; YT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Boechera williamsii is distinguished from all other sexual species of the genus by its combination of relatively short (3–4 mm), white petals, minute, 4–8-rayed trichomes on basal leaves, erect, appressed fruits, and relatively small, wingless seeds. It is known only from Fremont and Sublette counties in west-central Wyoming. The taxon traditionally treated as Arabis (Boechera) williamsii var. saximontana is here recognized as an apomictic species of hybrid origin (see M. D. Windham and I. A. Al-Shehbaz 2007b for detailed comparison).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Arabis drummondii is the correct name for this species in that genus; the epithet stricta has priority in Boechera. This very distinctive species is easily recognized by having basal leaves with branched trichomes, all sessile and 2-rayed (malpighiaceous). It is also the most promiscuous, having formed apomictic hybrids with at least 15 other species of Boechera.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 411. FNA vol. 7.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera
Sibling taxa
B. acutina, B. arcuata, B. atrorubens, B. bodiensis, B. breweri, B. burkii, B. calderi, B. californica, B. canadensis, B. cascadensis, B. cobrensis, B. collinsii, B. consanguinea, B. constancei, B. covillei, B. crandallii, B. cusickii, B. davidsonii, B. dentata, B. depauperata, B. dispar, B. divaricarpa, B. drepanoloba, B. duchesnensis, B. elkoensis, B. evadens, B. falcatoria, B. falcifructa, B. fecunda, B. fendleri, B. fernaldiana, B. formosa, B. fructicosa, B. glareosa, B. glaucovalvula, B. goodrichii, B. gracilenta, B. gracilipes, B. grahamii, B. gunnisoniana, B. harrisonii, B. hastatula, B. hoffmannii, B. holboellii, B. horizontalis, B. howellii, B. inyoensis, B. johnstonii, B. koehleri, B. laevigata, B. languida, B. lasiocarpa, B. lemmonii, B. lignifera, B. lincolnensis, B. lyallii, B. macounii, B. microphylla, B. missouriensis, B. nevadensis, B. ophira, B. oxylobula, B. paddoensis, B. pallidifolia, B. parishii, B. pauciflora, B. paupercula, B. peirsonii, B. pendulina, B. pendulocarpa, B. perennans, B. perstellata, B. pinetorum, B. pinzliae, B. platysperma, B. polyantha, B. porphyrea, B. pratincola, B. puberula, B. pulchra, B. pusilla, B. pygmaea, B. quebecensis, B. rectissima, B. repanda, B. retrofracta, B. rigidissima, B. rollei, B. rollinsiorum, B. rubicundula, B. saximontana, B. schistacea, B. serotina, B. serpenticola, B. shevockii, B. shockleyi, B. sparsiflora, B. spatifolia, B. stricta, B. subpinnatifida, B. suffrutescens, B. texana, B. tiehmii, B. tularensis, B. ultra-alsa, B. villosa, B. xylopoda, B. yorkii
B. acutina, B. arcuata, B. atrorubens, B. bodiensis, B. breweri, B. burkii, B. calderi, B. californica, B. canadensis, B. cascadensis, B. cobrensis, B. collinsii, B. consanguinea, B. constancei, B. covillei, B. crandallii, B. cusickii, B. davidsonii, B. dentata, B. depauperata, B. dispar, B. divaricarpa, B. drepanoloba, B. duchesnensis, B. elkoensis, B. evadens, B. falcatoria, B. falcifructa, B. fecunda, B. fendleri, B. fernaldiana, B. formosa, B. fructicosa, B. glareosa, B. glaucovalvula, B. goodrichii, B. gracilenta, B. gracilipes, B. grahamii, B. gunnisoniana, B. harrisonii, B. hastatula, B. hoffmannii, B. holboellii, B. horizontalis, B. howellii, B. inyoensis, B. johnstonii, B. koehleri, B. laevigata, B. languida, B. lasiocarpa, B. lemmonii, B. lignifera, B. lincolnensis, B. lyallii, B. macounii, B. microphylla, B. missouriensis, B. nevadensis, B. ophira, B. oxylobula, B. paddoensis, B. pallidifolia, B. parishii, B. pauciflora, B. paupercula, B. peirsonii, B. pendulina, B. pendulocarpa, B. perennans, B. perstellata, B. pinetorum, B. pinzliae, B. platysperma, B. polyantha, B. porphyrea, B. pratincola, B. puberula, B. pulchra, B. pusilla, B. pygmaea, B. quebecensis, B. rectissima, B. repanda, B. retrofracta, B. rigidissima, B. rollei, B. rollinsiorum, B. rubicundula, B. saximontana, B. schistacea, B. serotina, B. serpenticola, B. shevockii, B. shockleyi, B. sparsiflora, B. spatifolia, B. subpinnatifida, B. suffrutescens, B. texana, B. tiehmii, B. tularensis, B. ultra-alsa, B. villosa, B. williamsii, B. xylopoda, B. yorkii
Synonyms Arabis williamsii Turritis stricta, Arabis connexa, Arabis drummondii, Arabis drummondii var. connexa, Arabis drummondii var. oxyphylla, Arabis oxyphylla, B. angustifolia, B. drummondii, Erysimum drummondii, Streptanthus angustifolius, Turritis drummondii
Name authority (Rollins) Dorn: Vasc. Pl. Wyoming ed. 3, 376. (2001) (Graham) Al-Shehbaz: Novon 13: 389. (2003)
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