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Four Corners rockcress

smooth rockcress

Habit Biennials or perennials; short-lived; apomictic; caudex present or absent. Biennials; short-lived; sexual; caudex not evident.
Stems

usually 1 per caudex branch, arising from center of rosette near ground surface, 1.5–5 dm, densely pubescent proximally, trichomes short-stalked, 2–6-rayed, 0.2–0.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent distally.

1 per plant, arising from center of rosette near ground surface, (1.5–)3–11 dm, glabrous throughout.

Basal leaves

blade oblanceolate, 2–10 mm wide, margins usually dentate, sometimes ciliate near petiole base, trichomes (usually spurred), to 0.7 mm, surfaces moderately to densely pubescent, trichomes short-stalked, 4–8-rayed, 0.1–0.4 mm.

blade obovate to oblanceolate, (4–)10–40 mm wide, margins serrate or dentate, ciliate-mucronate on teeth, trichomes often minute, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent, trichomes simple, 0.1–0.6 mm.

Cauline leaves

15–36, sometimes concealing stem proximally;

blade auricles 1–3 mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves sparsely pubescent.

7–15, often concealing stem proximally;

blade auricles 3–12(–17) mm, surfaces of distalmost leaves glabrous.

Racemes

20–55-flowered, usually unbranched.

16–45-flowered, sometimes branched.

Flowers

divaricate-descending at anthesis;

sepals pubescent;

petals pale lavender, 5–8.5 × 1–2 mm, glabrous;

pollen spheroid.

ascending at anthesis;

sepals glabrous;

petals white, 3–5 × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous;

pollen ellipsoid.

Fruiting pedicels

reflexed to divaricate-descending, usually curved downward, 8–14 mm, usually pubescent, rarely glabrous, trichomes subappressed, branched.

suberect to divaricate-ascending, straight to slightly curved, 5–23 mm, glabrous.

Fruits

reflexed to pendent, rarely appressed to rachis, not secund, straight or slightly curved, edges parallel, 4–6 cm × 1–2 mm;

valves glabrous;

ovules 100–128 per ovary;

style 0.05–0.5 mm.

divaricate-ascending, not appressed to rachis, rarely somewhat secund, curved, edges parallel, (4–)6–11.7 cm × 1–2 mm;

valves glabrous;

ovules 50–80 per ovary;

style 0.1–0.7(–1) mm.

Seeds

biseriate to sub-biseriate, mature seeds not seen.

uniseriate, 1.2–2.2 × 0.8–1.4 mm;

wing continuous, 0.1–0.3 mm wide distally.

2n

= 14.

Boechera consanguinea

Boechera laevigata

Phenology Flowering May. Flowering Mar–May.
Habitat Rocky slopes and sandy soil in ponderosa pine, pinyon-juniper, and sagebrush communities Rocky bluffs, cedar glades, wooded hillsides, floodplains
Elevation 1900-2500 m (6200-8200 ft) 100-500 m (300-1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; NM; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
Discussion

Morphological evidence suggests that Boechera consanguinea is an apomictic species that arose through hybridization between B. fendleri and B. retrofracta. It is most similar to B. goodrichii, another apomictic hybrid involving B. retrofracta (see M. D. Windham and I. A. Al-Shehbaz 2007 for detailed comparison).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The taxon sometimes treated as Arabis laevigata var. missouriensis is here recognized as a separate species (Boechera missouriensis) based on its significantly longer petals (5–10 versus 3–5 mm) and distinctive, lyrate-pinnatifid basal leaves that persist well beyond anthesis.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 371. FNA vol. 7, p. 386.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae > Boechera
Sibling taxa
B. acutina, B. arcuata, B. atrorubens, B. bodiensis, B. breweri, B. burkii, B. calderi, B. californica, B. canadensis, B. cascadensis, B. cobrensis, B. collinsii, B. constancei, B. covillei, B. crandallii, B. cusickii, B. davidsonii, B. dentata, B. depauperata, B. dispar, B. divaricarpa, B. drepanoloba, B. duchesnensis, B. elkoensis, B. evadens, B. falcatoria, B. falcifructa, B. fecunda, B. fendleri, B. fernaldiana, B. formosa, B. fructicosa, B. glareosa, B. glaucovalvula, B. goodrichii, B. gracilenta, B. gracilipes, B. grahamii, B. gunnisoniana, B. harrisonii, B. hastatula, B. hoffmannii, B. holboellii, B. horizontalis, B. howellii, B. inyoensis, B. johnstonii, B. koehleri, B. laevigata, B. languida, B. lasiocarpa, B. lemmonii, B. lignifera, B. lincolnensis, B. lyallii, B. macounii, B. microphylla, B. missouriensis, B. nevadensis, B. ophira, B. oxylobula, B. paddoensis, B. pallidifolia, B. parishii, B. pauciflora, B. paupercula, B. peirsonii, B. pendulina, B. pendulocarpa, B. perennans, B. perstellata, B. pinetorum, B. pinzliae, B. platysperma, B. polyantha, B. porphyrea, B. pratincola, B. puberula, B. pulchra, B. pusilla, B. pygmaea, B. quebecensis, B. rectissima, B. repanda, B. retrofracta, B. rigidissima, B. rollei, B. rollinsiorum, B. rubicundula, B. saximontana, B. schistacea, B. serotina, B. serpenticola, B. shevockii, B. shockleyi, B. sparsiflora, B. spatifolia, B. stricta, B. subpinnatifida, B. suffrutescens, B. texana, B. tiehmii, B. tularensis, B. ultra-alsa, B. villosa, B. williamsii, B. xylopoda, B. yorkii
B. acutina, B. arcuata, B. atrorubens, B. bodiensis, B. breweri, B. burkii, B. calderi, B. californica, B. canadensis, B. cascadensis, B. cobrensis, B. collinsii, B. consanguinea, B. constancei, B. covillei, B. crandallii, B. cusickii, B. davidsonii, B. dentata, B. depauperata, B. dispar, B. divaricarpa, B. drepanoloba, B. duchesnensis, B. elkoensis, B. evadens, B. falcatoria, B. falcifructa, B. fecunda, B. fendleri, B. fernaldiana, B. formosa, B. fructicosa, B. glareosa, B. glaucovalvula, B. goodrichii, B. gracilenta, B. gracilipes, B. grahamii, B. gunnisoniana, B. harrisonii, B. hastatula, B. hoffmannii, B. holboellii, B. horizontalis, B. howellii, B. inyoensis, B. johnstonii, B. koehleri, B. languida, B. lasiocarpa, B. lemmonii, B. lignifera, B. lincolnensis, B. lyallii, B. macounii, B. microphylla, B. missouriensis, B. nevadensis, B. ophira, B. oxylobula, B. paddoensis, B. pallidifolia, B. parishii, B. pauciflora, B. paupercula, B. peirsonii, B. pendulina, B. pendulocarpa, B. perennans, B. perstellata, B. pinetorum, B. pinzliae, B. platysperma, B. polyantha, B. porphyrea, B. pratincola, B. puberula, B. pulchra, B. pusilla, B. pygmaea, B. quebecensis, B. rectissima, B. repanda, B. retrofracta, B. rigidissima, B. rollei, B. rollinsiorum, B. rubicundula, B. saximontana, B. schistacea, B. serotina, B. serpenticola, B. shevockii, B. shockleyi, B. sparsiflora, B. spatifolia, B. stricta, B. subpinnatifida, B. suffrutescens, B. texana, B. tiehmii, B. tularensis, B. ultra-alsa, B. villosa, B. williamsii, B. xylopoda, B. yorkii
Synonyms Arabis consanguinea, Arabis holboellii var. consanguinea Turritis laevigata, Arabis hastata, Arabis heterophylla, Arabis laevigata, Arabis lyrifolia
Name authority (Greene) Windham & Al-Shehbaz: Harvard Pap. Bot. 11: 261. (2007) (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Al-Shehbaz: Novon 13: 386. (2003)
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